What Do Walleyes Eat?

The walleye is a freshwater fish native to the midwestern United States and Canada that is fished for both recreation and food. Catch more walleye by knowing their habitat and what they eat.

Description

Walleyes are a greenish-gold color with a white tip on the bottom of their tail. They average anywhere from 12 to 20 inches in length but can grow to over 30 inches in length. The name "walleye" comes from the fish's whitish-colored, opaque eyes, which are very sensitive to light.

Habitat

During the spring spawn, walleyes migrate to tributary streams and shallow areas. Throughout the rest of the year, they prefer moderately deep water during the evening and deeper, murky water during the day. Generally, the hotter the day, the deeper the walleye will swim. They are less active in the winter.

Food

Newborn walleyes eat insects and various plankton. As they grow, walleye will also start to feed on minnows. Adults prefer smelt, minnows and yellow perch, but will also eat worms, leeches, crustaceans and frogs.

Bait Suggestions

For artificial bait, use jigs in a variety of colors, small crankbaits, plastic worms and spoons. For live or fresh bait, use nightcrawlers, chopped smelt or whole minnows.

Warning

Check with local fish and game agencies for fishing regulations regarding walleye. Several states have specific fishing seasons, as well as size and catch limits.

Fun Fact

Walleye is the official state fish of Minnesota and South Dakota.

Resources

• Minnesota Dept. of Natural Resources
• Northern.edu
• AA Fishing