What Is the Main Function of the Kidneys?

The kidneys are located on each side of the spine in the back of the abdominal cavity. Their primary function is filtering blood and passing the impurities into urine. Because the kidneys have many functions, they are very important organs. Nephrology is the medical field pertaining to the kidneys and the diseases of the kidneys.

Filtering of the Blood

Unfiltered blood enters the kidneys through the renal artery. The kidneys take metabolites and minerals from the blood in the section called the nephron.

Homeostasis

The kidneys are important in homeostasis, the act of keeping the body clean and functioning. They are involved in regulating electrolytes, blood pressure and the volume of blood flow.

Balancing Acid

The kidneys are involved in the maintenance and regulation of the pH level of blood.

Hormone Secretion

The hormones secreted in the kidneys stimulate red blood cell growth, help with balancing stomach acid and regulate the levels of the hormone aldosterone.

Reduced Kidney Function

People with reduced kidney function need to undergo therapy, such as dialysis, in order to survive. Because people can live normal lives with just one kidney, kidney donations and transplants are common.