What Type of Education Does a Registered Nurse Need?

Although nurses used to be trained primarily in hospitals or in the field, the field of nursing today is generally limited to graduates of accredited two- or four-year programs. After completion of one of these programs, nurses must pass the NCLEX-RN, a national-level examination. Beyond that, nurses must obtain and maintain licensing from state nursing licensing boards to practice as a registered nurse, and some states require continuing education.

Two-Year Programs

Two-year programs grant an associate-of-science degree in nursing. The shortest path to become a registered nurse, these programs are competitive. After graduation, nurses may be limited in job advancement compared to graduates of four-year programs.

Four-Year Programs

Entry to four-year degree programs is often dual-tiered, meaning that students must successfully complete two years of college with courses such as anatomy, physiology, chemistry, biology and nutrition before being admitted to the nursing program. A BSN, bachelor of science in nursing, is required for admission to graduate-level nursing programs.

Accelerated Programs

Individuals with a college degree in a subject other than nursing may be qualified to enter into an accelerated nursing program. These programs allow students to complete a BSN degree in only one year.

National Examination

Before practicing, all nurses must take and pass the NCLEX-RN, a national nursing test.

State Licensing

Nurses must be licensed by a state to practice legally. Each state controls licensing of nurses and each has its own standards for licensing.

Specialty Certification

Specialty certificates are granted by national organizations and demonstrate superior knowledge in a field. Examples of certification areas are pediatrics, psychiatry, oncology and family practice.