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What are the Different Types of Diesel Fuel?

Any fuel used in a diesel engine is called diesel fuel. These fuels are classified as 1D, 2D and 4D. A main difference between these is the pour point, the lowest temperature a liquid will flow. A second difference is viscosity, the resistance of a liquid to flowing. Most diesel fuels are made of petroleum, but other types are available such as biodiesel and synthetic diesel.

  1. 4D Usage

    • 4D fuels are only used in very low-speed engines such as those in stationary units or marine operations.

    Cold Weather

    • 1D diesel fuel has lower viscosity and a lower pour point than 2D, so is preferred for cold weather.

    1D Considerations

    • 1D diesel fuel has only about 95 percent of the energy output as 2D, causing reduced gas mileage and lower horsepower.

    2D Fuel

    • 2D fuel is used in warmer weather, and also can be mixed with 1D for an effective winter fuel.

    Biodiesel

    • Another type of diesel fuel is biodiesel, obtained from vegetable oil or animal fats. Some versions can be mixed with petroleum diesel.

    Synthetic Diesel

    • Synthetic diesel fuel is derived from various sources such as wood, straw, corn and even garbage and food scraps.

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