Who Invented Solar Energy?

In one sense, no one "invented" solar energy--it is something that has always been with us, ever since the Sun's heat first began sparking chemical reactions on the Earth's surface. But the question of when humans first actively harnessed solar energy, and who developed the solar energy systems we have today, is an interesting one.

Definition

"Solar energy" is the name given to the Sun's radiation, emitted in waves, that reaches the Earth's atmosphere. In modern times, it is often called an "alternative energy."

Early History

The use of solar energy began very early in human culture. Early cultures focused it with lenses to start fires, built homes from solar-energy-absorbing materials to help keep them warm, and even maximized sun exposure to help crops grow.

Modern Development

In 1839, French physicist Alexandre-Edmond Becquerel first observed the "photovoltaic effect"--how solar energy could be used to trigger a chemical reaction, generating electricity.

Further Development

The photovoltaic effect was further defined by Albert Einstein in 1905. His pioneering work won him the Nobel Prize. It also paved the way for the modern science of solar energy.

Solar Cells

Photovoltaic solar cells, which could effectively harness solar energy for practical use, first became available in the 1950s. By the 1970s, these cells had improved in efficiency and decreased in price.

Fun Fact

Orbiting satellites used some of the first photovoltaic solar cells to generate power. Today, most satellites are partially or entirely run on solar energy.