Immune System Disorders in Cats

Immune system disorders in cats can cause serious illness and even death. Identifying these types of diseases early is key to saving the animals' lives. While the disorders rarely are the cause of death, secondary infections are. There are no known cures for autoimmune disorders, but with treatment, infected animals can lead comfortable lives.

FIV

Feline Immunosuppressive Virus (FIV) affects a cat's body by suppressing its immune system, making it susceptible to infections. It is recommended that these animals be kept indoors and away from other animals that may expose them to illnesses.

FeLV

Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) is a retrovirus that presents in three different types: FeLV-A, FeLV-B and FeLV-C. Many cats carry two types of this virus, and, in rare cases, all three. This disorder causes the immune system to shut down, leaving the animal susceptible to other diseases and infections.

Lupus

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Discoid Lupus are the two types of this disease seen in cats. Lupus causes the immune system to attack its own body. The end result is the deterioration of the skin, kidneys and joints.

Symptoms

The symptoms for immune system disorders in cats vary in number and severity. Common symptoms include diarrhea, lethargy, loss of appetite, anemia, mouth sores, scaly skin, conjunctivitis, joint inflammation and fever.

Diagnosis

It is important go to the vet when cats begin showing symptoms not consistent with their behavior. Immune system disorders can be identified through physical examinations and blood tests.

Treatment

The treatment for immune system disorders usually includes oral steroids, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs and pain medications. Keeping an animal as comfortable as possible is the main goal.

Resources

• Cat Immune Disorders Overview