Eye & Vision Disorders

How to Diagnose a Cataract

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It starts with blurred or cloudy vision. Then suddenly images aren't as sharp, colors aren't as bright and night driving is more difficult. Cataracts generally are associated with aging. Younger people, however, can have them too. Identifying the ... more »

How to Diagnose a Corneal Abrasion

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A corneal abrasion is the painful result of damage to the cornea (the clear covering over the iris). Abrasions can occur from many sources, and all require immediate attention by an ophthalmologist... more »

How to Diagnose a Corneal Ulcer

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A corneal ulcer is any open sore on the cornea. Bacteria or fungi introduced into the cornea through the corneal epithelium is usually the cause. Corneal ulcers are becoming more common because of the increase in the use of contact lenses... more »

How to Diagnose a Stye

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Bacteria can enter your eye area to cause a stye. You can help prevent this condition by taking precautions, such as washing your hands before rubbing your eyes and replacing eye makeup every 6 months. Use the following steps to diagnose a red ... more »

How to Diagnose Amaurosis Fugax

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Amaurosis fugax is a temporary loss of vision that is usually caused by a lack of blood flow to the retina. It has a highly variable presentation that usually lasts for a few minutes, although it can persist for hours... more »

How to Diagnose Anisocoria

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Anisocoria is a difference in pupil size. It is a common condition with a variety of causes ranging from trivial to life threatening. Anisocoria can indicate a problem in any of the components of the pupil control system, which includes the iris, ... more »

How to Diagnose Astigmatism

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Astigmatism is an irregular curvature of the cornea that causes a refractive error in a person's vision. Everyone has this condition to some extent, but only 10 percent of the population has visually significant astigmatism (usually defined as ... more »

How to Diagnose Blepharitis

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Blepharitis is a common irritation of the eyelid margins that can occur in middle-aged or older individuals. Blepharitis is a chronic disease, waxing and waning with occasional flare-ups. Blepharitis is insidious because the sufferer often ... more »

How to Diagnose Blepharospasm

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Blepharospasm is an involuntary blinking or spasm of the eyelids. It is a neurological disorder that is probably caused by a defect in the circuitry of the control center for blink activity rather than a single defect at a particular location... more »

How to Diagnose Cataracts

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Cataracts occur when the lenses of your eyes become clouded. It will seem as if you are looking through a foggy surface. Cataracts cause you to be unable to see things clearly, especially at night. If you are experiencing cloudy vision, you need ... more »

How to Diagnose Chalazion

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A chalazion occurs when lipid breakdown products from a meibomian gland or a Zeis gland on the eyelid leak into the surrounding tissue, which becomes inflamed. A chalazion caused by a meibomian gland will be deeper than one caused by a Zeis ... more »

How to Diagnose Coloboma

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A coloboma is a hole in one of the eye's structures such as the eyelid, iris, lens, retina or optic disc. It is frequently a congenital defect that occurs when a choroid fissure fails to close during fetal development... more »

How to Diagnose Conjunctivitis

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Conjunctivitis, more commonly known as pinkeye, is an inflammation of the conjunctiva. The thin tissue surrounding the white the eyeball and inside the eyelid becomes inflamed. Follow these steps to ensure a correct diagnosis of the ailment... more »

How to Diagnose Distichiasis

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Distichiasis is a rare disorder in which eyelashes grow from the meibomian glands on the inside of the eyelids. It can become serious if these eyelashes come into contact with the cornea where they can cause irritation, abrasions or even ulcers. ... more »

How to Diagnose Double Vision

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Double vision is formally known as diplopia and is a common subjective complaint. It is frequently the first symptom of many muscular and neurological disorders and multiple types are recognized. Diplopia may be monocular (affecting one eye) or ... more »

How to Diagnose Duane Syndrome in a Child

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Of all of the potential birth defects a child can have, Duane Syndrome is not the worst. But, properly diagnosing your child's eye disorder is very important. The sooner diagnosed, the better. Duane Syndrome is noticeably different than other eye ... more »

How to Diagnose Ectropion

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Ectropion is an abnormal outward turning of the eyelids. It usually affects the lower lid and can lead to corneal exposure, tearing and loss of vision. Ectropion is most common in older patients but can affect people of any age... more »

How to Diagnose Entropion

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Entropion is an inward folding of the eyelid such that the lashes rub against the surface of the cornea. It rarely causes problems in infants because their lashes are so soft, but entropion can be more serious in older patients... more »

How to Diagnose Esotropia

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Esotropia is a type of eye misalignment where one eye looks forward and the other turns toward the nose. It is a common condition in newborns as less than one quarter of babies are born with both eyes facing straight ahead. The eyes normally come ... more »

How to Diagnose Exotropia

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Exotropia is a type of strabismus where the eyes look away from each other. It is usually intermittent and develops when the patient is several years old. Sensory exotropia is a result of poor vision while essential exotropia is caused by an ... more »

How to Diagnose Eye Infections

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Eye infections can be viral or bacterial in nature. Contact lens wearers are more susceptible to eye infections due to buildup of bacteria from not properly disinfecting the lenses. Some infections require medication, but others do not. Watch for ... more »

How to Diagnose Herpetic Eye Disease

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When people hear about herpes, they usually don't think of the eye problems that the virus can cause. However, herpetic eye disease can be a serious and painful condition that occurs in people infected with the herpes virus. If you suspect that ... more »

How to Diagnose Hyperopia

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Hyperopia is more commonly known as farsightedness and affects about one-fourth of the population. A person with hyperopia can see distant objects well but not near objects. Contact lenses, glasses or surgery can easily correct this. Hyperopia is ... more »

How to Diagnose Hyphema

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Hyphema refers to the presence of blood in the anterior chamber of the eye. This is one of most challenging problems in ophthalmology because even a small hyphema can signify a major trauma of the eye. A hyphema usually results from blunt trauma ... more »

How to Diagnose Iritis

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Iritis is inflammation of the iris, the circular membrane that gives color to the eye. The muscular fibers that open and close to adjust the amount of light entering the eye can become inflamed causing this painful condition called iritis... more »

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