Science

Silicone is a water-resistant and chemically durable material used in a wide variety of applications. The basis of silicone's utility lies in its chemical structure and the way it is created.

A quantum is a small and exact amount of energy. Each photon contains a quantum of energy. An atom can only experience a transition through absorption of a particular frequency photon. This is the...

Hydrogen and sulfur are elements. The chemical formula for sulfur is S, which is the same as its symbol. Hydrogen's symbol is H; however, it forms a diatomic molecule in pure form so its chemical...

Magnesium (Mg), an electropositive alkaline earth metal, is element 12 on the periodic table of the elements; chlorine (Cl) is 17. When magnesium reacts with chlorine, it loses two electrons to...

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy is useful in obtaining data on unknown organic compounds. A sample is placed in a powerful magnetic field, which aligns hydrogen nuclei (protons) along an...

You calculate hydrogen ions in order to find out the pH--the acidity and alkalinity--of a solution. An alkaline solution is what is more colloquially known as a base. Bases are usually bitter to...

A hydrogen ion concentration in a solution results from the addition of an acid. Strong acids give a higher concentration of hydrogen ions than weak acids, and it is possible to calculate the...

Glucose is a type of simple sugar needed for energy by the red blood cells and the brain. The molecule helps construct and break down vitamins, sugars and proteins in the body. It is found in...

Hydrogen is the first element on the periodic table and the most common element in the universe. A test tube can be checked for the presence of hydrogen using a lighted flint.

H2O is the chemical formula for a water molecule. The elements of oxygen and hydrogen combine to make water, which is considered a compound because it consists of more than one element.

The ideal gas equation discussed below in Step 4 is sufficient for calculating the pressure of hydrogen gas under normal circumstances. Above 150 psi (ten times normal atmospheric pressure) and...

Hydrolysis is the electrical process of separating hydrogen and oxygen gas from liquid water. By this electrochemical reaction, oxygen and hydrogen gases can be created for use as fuels....

Hydrogen fuel can be made from water by an electrical process called hydrolysis. It is an electrochemical reaction in which the oxygen and hydrogen molecules in water (H2O) are separated. As...

Find out the types of halogen-containing compounds in chemistry.

Atoms are the elemental building blocks of molecules. Chemistry involves the study of atoms, molecules and their interactions. Chemists use a kind of shorthand notation to write chemical...

Sodium hydrogen carbonate (NAHCO3) is best known as baking soda or bicarbonate of soda ("bicarb"). Its everyday uses are chiefly in baking, cleaning and as an antacid, and it has been used in each...

Hydrogen is a part of almost all biological matter on earth, and present in many different compounds. The hydrogen bonds, or the way hydrogen atoms bond to other substances between molecules, are...

Also called sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate is white compound formed from one sodium atom, one hydrogen atom, one carbon atom and three oxygen atoms. Sodium hydrogen carbonate is...

In the atomic world, heat can be equated with energy. Some elements give off energy very well--they are good conductors. Others are very poor at giving off energy--they are good insulators. Since...

A hydrogen atom (usually) consists of a proton orbited by an electron. Sometimes the proton is attached to a neutron or two. Being so simple, hydrogen is the most abundant atom in the universe. ...

The light emitted by glow sticks results from a chemical reaction that's cause when hydrogen peroxide is mixed with luminol, a chemical used by crime scene detectives to reveal blood stains and...

Hydrogen is generally produced from one of two sources --- hydrocarbons and water. For each of these, there are several ways of extraction. The main method of mass hydrogen production is from...

There are two types of compounds from which hydrogen is generally split---hydrocarbons and water---but there are many methods of doing so. The main method of mass-producing hydrogen is from...

Although most people probably recognize hydrogen as the first element on the periodic table and part of the formula for water, hydrogen has a plethora of other uses. Hydrogen could potentially top...

Hydrogen and oxygen are two very important elements: water molecules (H2O) consist of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atoms. When you perform an experiment to decompose water into these two...

Hydrogen bombs have existed since the 1950s and at least five countries have detonated these weapons in tests. Also called thermonuclear bombs, hydrogen bombs are typically about 1,000 times more...

Hydrogen (H2) combines explosively with oxygen (O2) to form water (H2O). The reaction is exothermic, in other words it releases energy. Hydrogen and oxygen have therefore been used as rocket fuel...

Hydrogen has been talked about as a potential renewable energy source for its efficiency as an energy carrier that causes no pollution and produces water as a byproduct. It is also desirable...

Catalase is a common antioxidant enzyme which is produced naturally in almost all living organisms. The reactions in catalyses are important to life, for example, it helps the body to break down...

Alternative fuels are in in strong demand because of environmental, economic and geopolitical concerns over sustainability and a dwindling supply of fossil fuels. Examples of common alternative...

While most people probably cannot identify hydrogen sulfide by its official name, this compound has a smell that almost everybody would recognize. Hydrogen sulfide is a hazardous and potentially...

Essentially, DNA is the blueprint for our hereditary and genetic makeup. Found in each cell in the human body, each person's DNA is entirely unique to his genetics. With such an important and...

Hydrogen was first discovered in 1766 by the English chemist Henry Cavendish. He was the first person to realize that hydrogen gas was its own substance rather than just a combination of...

The atom was pictured in many different ways until its true properties were illustrated in modern physics. The quest for understanding the composition of matter led to such a discovery and...

At first glance, it may look like hydrogen and the halogens are similar elements. With similar electron configurations and molecular properties (hydrogen and all halogen elements form diatomic...

Hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water (H2O). The reaction is exothermic, releasing a great deal of energy. This reaction has been used as the basis of rocket fuel for decades, to reduce...

Hydrogen has historically been used as a rocket fuel, along with oxygen, because hydrocarbons can't burn in space. Since the 1990s, hydrogen has been considered as a car fuel, perhaps even...

In physics and chemistry, an atom is a unit of matter that is irreducible by normal chemical means. Molecules can be reduced by chemical means, but atoms can't. Atoms have a positively charged...

Hydrogen and oxygen in liquid water can be separated by electricity with a process called hydrolysis. A direct current drives the reaction, with oxygen and hydrogen gas bubbling off of separate...

Acids and bases, or alkali, are substances that create ionic activity when dissolved as a solution in water. They differ in chemical properties, how they react with other substances, as well as in...

Glycerin, known chemically as glycerol, is an alcohol-related substance resembling a thick or gelatinous liquid with a sweet taste. It is derived from propane, a common component of fossil fuels...

The storage of hydrogen is of vital concern if hydrogen-powered vehicles are to be a viable alternative to those that use fossil fuel. There are challenges that must be overcome to allow cars...

In ionic compounds, at least one atom donates an electron to another atom, bonding the two atoms together like a magnet. If dissolved in a solvent that breaks the ionic bond, the part of the...

A hydrogen generator is something which is completely different from a hydrogen fuel cell. In a fuel cell, hydrogen gas is pressurized and stored on board a vehicle to be used as a fuel to create...

Water holds unique properties which makes it "sticky" at the surface. Each individual water molecule has one large oxygen atom and two smaller hydrogen atoms. The hydrogen atoms hold a slightly...

Acids and bases have mirror properties. They are highly reactive with each other and both conduct electricity. But acids are commonly viewed as more corrosive. For example, the stomach uses...

The hydrogen fuel cell splits hydrogen molecules away from water molecules through the process of electrolysis. The end result is hydrogen gas that can be used to charge batteries or as a fuel...

Hydrogen is an odorless, tasteless, highly flammable diatomic gas at normal pressure and temperature. Hydrogen is produced from water by electrolysis, when two electrons combine with two hydrogen...

Although there is a lot of material written about atoms, the investigations in atomic science are far from complete. Protons are the positive particles in atomic nuclei. In 1919, the existence of...

The cells in our bodies require certain elemental molecules to function, reproduce and repair themselves. Sometimes these molecules are energy structures such as the ATP molecule that are pulled...