Lichen Planus & Metal Poisoning
Lichen planus is a common disease that affects the skin, nails and mucous membranes of adults between the ages of 30 and 70. It creates patches of lesions that can last for some time and sometimes requires treatment. The cause of the disease is unknown, but many sufferers have noticed a link between the use of metal dental materials and the onset of symptoms--a link considered unusual by the American Academy of Dermatology.
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About Lichen Planus
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Lichen planus is an inflammatory condition that can produce specific symptoms on the skin, nails, scalp, mouth tissues and genitals. On the skin, it produces a reddish-purple, itchy rash with flat bumps or a white, lacy appearance. In the mouth, it can produce a burning sensation, sore gums, tenderness when eating or toothbrushing and a metallic taste. Lichen planus isn't communicable. Theories about the cause of the disease propose it is an allergic or autoimmune response. Those with hepatitis C are at increased risk for contracting lichen planus. The disease can cause severe itching or mouth sores, or it can be relatively mild and require no treatment.
Lichen Planus and Dental Metals
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According to the Mayo Clinic website, reactions to metal dental materials are a recognized cause of lichen planus. A patch test to determine if there is an allergic response to certain metals will help the physician diagnose lichen planus. A skin or lesion biopsy will also confirm the diagnosis.
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Research on Lichen Planus and Dental Metals
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The National Institutes of Health cites a number of studies that suggest a link between reactions to dental metal in some people and lichen planus, though no conclusive cause and effect has been proposed. Gold, mercury and silver are some of the materials that have been linked to lichen planus problems.
Treating Lichen Planus
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Treatments for lichen planus of the skin include antihistamines to reduce itching, corticosteroids for inflammation, retinal treatments and light treatments. Lichen planus of the mouth is treated with medicated rinses or sprays that soothe the oral tissues and reduce the size of lesions. Corticosteroid gels or ointments may be applied to mouth tissues, and oral medication may also be necessary. Immunosuppressant drugs may be prescribed, though these have side effects. In severe cases, the dental metals creating the reaction in the mouth tissues may be removed.
Protecting Against Dental Metal Reactions
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If you are troubled by an ongoing, itchy skin rash that does not respond to customary treatment, or if you or your dentist notices any change in the tissues of your mouth, you may have an allergic or autoimmune response to the metal dental materials being used. Consult with a physician for a proper diagnosis and treatment. Discuss alternative materials with your dentist to see if other options are available.
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References
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