Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety Training

A compressed gas cylinder

Many businesses use compressed gases such as helium and oxygen, which are typically stored in compressed gas cylinders. Because these cylinders are potentially hazardous, businesses that use compressed gases should train employees in their proper use and storage. People who rent or own compressed gas cylinders--such as helium for parties or propane for gas grills--should learn how to handle them safely.

Transport and Handling

Always wear proper safety attire when handling gas cylinders. This safety attire includes safety goggles, shoes and any other safety equipment the cylinder manufacturer recommends. When moving gas cylinders, use a hand truck specially designed for this task. This hand truck is equipped with a strap to secure the tank to the truck. Safety caps must always be on gas cylinders when they are being moved or stored. Never move cylinders by pulling or pushing on the safety cap. Never drag, drop or roll compressed gas cylinders into place.

Storage

Always store compressed gases in a well-ventilated area that does not impede any exit. Gas cylinders must be rotated so the oldest is always the first used. Cylinders should be stored in an upright position with the cap on and properly secured to a wall using a strap or chain in the proper position--approx three-fourths of the way up the cylinder. Never store empty cylinders with full cylinders. Store gas cylinders by class, though inert gases may be stored with any class.

Labeling

All compressed gas cylinders have positive identification from the manufacturer. If there is any doubt about the makeup of the gas, do not accept delivery. This identification is used so you always know the makeup, purity and hazards of the gas contained in the cylinder. Never assume that the color of the cylinder indicates what gas is inside; coloring coding varies by manufacturer. Make sure tanks are clearly labeled "full," "in-use" or "empty." Any tanks not in use should have its cap firmly in place.

Hazard Classes

Cylinder Label

The hazard class of a gas determines what other gases it can be stored with and safety measures needed when using the gas. Different classes of gases may even require different regulators. Always check with the manufacturer to determine what regulator to use. Each hazard class has its own requirements for labeling, storage and safety precautions. Hazard classes include cryogenic liquids and gases, corrosive gases, flammable gases, toxic and highly toxic gases, fuel, high-pressure gases and oxidizing gases.

Emergencies

Check all lines and regulators before attaching tanks. Make sure the room in which the gas is stored or used meets the manufacturer's requirements for proper use of a compressed gas. Make sure that the proper regulator is used and properly installed. A small leak can usually be fixed by tightening a leaking ferrule. If that does not solve the problem or if the leak is larger, immediately follow the procedures set forth in your emergency response plan.

References

• "The National Academies Press: Prudent Practices for Handling Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories, Compressed Gases"
• Iowa State University: CRC Handbook of Laboratory Safety, 3rd ed., Gas Cylinders, A.K. Furr, Ed., CRC Press, Boca