GI Lymphoma in Dogs
GI (gastrointestinal tract) lymphoma is an uncommon cancer that occurs in approximately 1 percent of all dogs that have cancer. The dogs that develop GI lymphoma, usually do so in the rectum, stomach, liver, lymph nodes and the colon. There have been no specific causes of GI lymphoma found in dogs, although in cats it is thought to be caused by the feline leukemia virus (FeLV).
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Identification
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Lymphosarcoma (lymphoma) is a malignant cancer that can affect the lymphoid system in dogs. The lymphoid system is an integral part of the dog's immune system and helps to fend off bacteria and viruses. Lymphoid tissue is found in many parts of the dog's body including the gastrointestinal tract, lymph nodes, liver, spleen and skin.
Symptoms
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The symptoms of GI lymphoma may include enlargement of lymph nodes, vomiting (often with blood), diarrhea, loss of appetite, weight loss, lethargy, increased urination, constipation and increased thirst. According to the Merck Veterinary Manual, dogs that suffer from GI lymphoma may also suffer from anemia.
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Risk Factors
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Certain breeds of dogs have a higher incidence of lymphoma cancer. These may include rottweilers, Scottish terriers, golden retrievers, basset hounds, and German shepherds. Male and female dogs are equally affected, with middle-aged to older dogs being the most commonly diagnosed with the condition. According to Petplace.com, there may be a link between lymphoma and exposure to certain herbicides.
Diagnosis
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In order to diagnose GI lymphoma in your dog, a veterinarian will perform a full physical evaluation, as well as take a complete medical history of your dog's health. Diagnostic tests such as an aspiration of an enlarged lymph node or a biopsy of the gastrointestinal tract may also be performed to help confirm the diagnosis of GI lymphoma.
Treatment
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Dogs that are found to have GI lymphoma may need surgery to remove the tumor, as well as radiation therapy following surgery. Chemotherapy has also been used in the treatment of lymphoma in dogs, and may be prescribed by your veterinarian.
Considerations
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In many cases of lymphoma, dogs are very sick by the time a diagnosis is made. Contact your veterinarian if your dog has any symptoms such as lumps below the skin in areas such as the neck or armpit. Other symptoms that may indicate cancer in dogs may include vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, loss of appetite and weight loss. Early detection and treatment is the key to your dog's survival of lymphoma.
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References
- Photo Credit boston terrier image by berdoulat jerome from Fotolia.com
