Information About Japanese Red Maple Trees
Native to Japan, Korea and China, the small Japanese maple (Acer palmatum) made its Western debut in 1820. According to the Arbor Day Foundation, the 'Atropurpureum' cultivar, known as Japanese red maple, is an especially popular ornamental choice among landscapers and homeowners. Its scientific name derives from its hand-shaped purplish-red leaves. Does this Spark an idea?
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Identification
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Japanese red maple trees grow to a height of 15 to 25 feet, with upright branches spreading to a width of 25 feet. The delicate 2- to 4-inch leaves turn purplish-red in the spring, green in the summer, and bright red in the fall. The tree's dense foliage covers the inconspicuous red flowers, which bloom in late spring. The small reddish-brown fruits mature in October. According to the University of Florida Extension, a Japanese red maple can be trained to form multiple trunks.
Variants
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Gardeners can choose from a variety of Japanese red maples. The twisting trunk of 'Dissectum Atropurpureum' grows to 8 feet tall with branches spreading up to 10 feet wide. Its dark red leaves turn bronze in the summer and orange in autumn.
When placed in full sun, the 'Bloodgood' cultivar will retain its red color longer than other varieties. It grows to 15 feet tall and 15 feet wide.
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Features
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This deciduous tree grows in USDA hardiness zones 5b through 8, with a dormant period from November through February. Japanese red maples prefer slightly acidic, well-drained soil in a partially sunny, sheltered area. According to the Royal Horticultural Society, the tree grows well in a container if it is repotted into a larger container every two years. The society advises propagating from seeds or cuttings, and planting in autumn.
Benefits
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According to Ohio State University, the Japanese red maple's colorful, dissected leaves make an ideal focal point for a garden or entrance way. This small, symmetrical tree requires minimal pruning, and poses little if any invasive threat. According to the Arbor Day Foundation, 'Atropurpureum' tolerates colder temperatures better than other cultivars. According to the University of Florida Extension, the tree's multiple trunks and remaining fruits and flowers provide a showpiece during winter months.
Considerations
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Exposure to hot, dry, windy conditions will cause Japanese red maple leaves to develop brown areas known as leaf scorch. Place the tree in a sheltered area and provide adequate water to prevent this condition.
In cooler regions, early blossoms may suffer spring frost damage.
Pests include aphids and scale insects, which can be controlled by sprays or natural predators.
Japanese red maples are susceptible to verticillium root disease.
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References
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- Photo Credit japanese maple image by Horticulture from Fotolia.com
