Tsunami Safety Rules

Tsunami is a Japanese word meaning "harbor wave." It is universally used to describe the ocean waves that result from an earthquake. These waves travel extremely fast and can cause significant destruction and loss of life when they reach the shore. A number of safety rules have been established to minimize this risk.

Recognize the Danger

Whenever an earthquake occurs there is the possibility of a resulting tsunami. This is especially true along coastal areas of the Pacific. Tsunamis usually consist of a series of waves that can travel at up to 600 mph in the open ocean and may reach heights of 100 feet when they reach shallower waters near the shore. Waves of only 10 feet have been known to cause devastation along coastal areas.

Heed Warnings

If an earthquake occurs in a coastal area it is a natural warning. Residents should immediately seek additional information if this happens. Radio and television stations as well as marine radio and government agencies provide information and advice when there is imminent danger from a tsunami.
People at or near a beach should be aware that a loud roar that sounds like a train or an airplane, or an unusual rise or sudden fall in the sea level are warning signs that a tsunami may be about to arrive.

Leave Unsafe Areas

Standing along a beach or occupying low-lying land including rivers and streams that lead to the ocean is dangerous. You should leave these areas in a calm but deliberate manner.
Never go to the coast to witness a tsunami. If you can see the wave you are too close to escape it. The water moves much faster than your can run.
A boat or ship in shallow water (less than 100 fathoms) is also not safe. If you can't easily reach deeper water, consider abandoning the boat and heading inland.

Seek Shelter

The best refuge from a tsunami is higher ground away from the coast. The upper floors of multiple story reinforced buildings are a good alternative if there isn't time to reach higher ground inland. Boats and ships are safe if they are in deep water.

Wait for the All Clear

Stay clear of affected areas until appropriate authorities issue an all clear. Stay tuned to broadcasts that are providing information. In the aftermath of a tsunami there will be unpredictable currents and debris returning to the ocean. Stay away from the harbor area and the mouths of rivers and streams both on land and in a boat.

References

• City of Huntington Beach, California: Tsunami Safety Rules
• West Virginia Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management: Tsunami Safety Rules