What Is a Computer Engineer, Software and Hardware?
There's a wide range of careers in a number of major computing fields that focus on computer software, hardware or a combination of both. In general, engineers solve technical problems by developing a solution, which may be a procedure or product. Engineers are involved in all phases of design, development, testing and construction of a solution. Computer software engineers design and develop computer software; computer hardware engineers design and develop computer hardware and related equipment.
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Computer Software Engineer
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Computer software engineers are involved throughout the entire process of designing, developing and maintaining software. Software engineers work with a variety of software, including business applications, scientific analysis software, computer games and operating systems. Software engineers typically can be categorized as either "application engineers" or "systems engineers." Application engineers develop software applications and utilities; systems engineers oversee complex organizational computer systems, coordinating the development and growth of the hardware and software computing needs within an organization.
Computer Hardware Engineer
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Computer hardware engineers design, develop, test and build computer hardware, including microprocessors, motherboards, components, peripherals and complete systems. Computer hardware engineers are involved in the design and development of computers and devices containing computers, such as mobile phones, digital media players, medical devices and robots. Computer hardware engineering is similar to electrical engineering: Both fields involve the design and development of electronic circuits and components, but computer hardware engineers focus on computers and related equipment.
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Education and Training
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Software engineers typically have a degree in computer science or software engineering. Both majors feature core coursework in computer programming languages, computer science theory and mathematics. Hardware engineers typically have a degree in computer engineering, studying mathematics, electrical engineering and computer science. Subjects may include operating systems, embedded software, computer architecture and robotics. Training and certifications are frequently pursued by computer software and hardware engineers after achieving a formal degree.
Careers
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Software and hardware engineers are employed in organizations where in-house software or hardware development is performed to support business operations or create products. Employers encompass business, government, software publishing, scientific research, manufacturing, shipping, robotics, consumer electronics and other fields. Software and hardware engineers may work on specific stages of the engineering process, such as design, development, testing and maintenance, while others may be involved with the entire process. Many employers prefer at least a bachelor's degree and experience; some jobs may require a graduate degree.
Career Advancement
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Given the rapid rate of technological advancement, for most computer software and hardware engineers, keeping up with current technology is key to career advancement. Developing expert-level proficiency in relevant technologies, learning new skills relevant to project management and supervision, and gaining experience may allow engineers to be promoted to roles involving greater responsibility and project involvement. Ongoing training is vital to career development and advancement for most engineers. Certifications can help strengthen a resume and may be required for some positions.
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References
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