Hydroxyzine Use in Dogs

Hydroxyzine is used to treat allergic skin conditons.

When a dog is allergic to a substance such as pollen, mold, dust mites or bee venom, their immune systems release histamine. Histamine targets receptors in the body and causes an inflammatory reaction which can lead to itching and inflammation of the skin. Hydroxyzine belongs to a class of medications called antihistamines. Antihistamines such as hydroxyzine block histamine and combat the inflammatory reaction.

Features

Hydroxyzine is sold under the brand name Atarax. It is used for inflammatory and allergic conditions such as allergic skin disorders, insect bites, snake bites and itchy skin. Hydroxyzine can also be used to treat motion sickness in dogs because it has antinausea side effect.

Function

When a dog is allergic to a substance, its immune system releases histamine. Histamine attaches to specific receptors in the body. When histamine attaches to H1 receptors, it causes tissue swelling and generalized itching. Hydroxyzine blocks histamine from attaching to these receptors, therefore preventing swelling and itching.

Effectiveness

Hydroxyzine typically takes 20 to 45 minutes to begin working in dogs. It may take up to a week to see the full effect of this drug. It is important to continue the dose as prescribed during this time. Hydrozyine provides itching relief in 20 to 40 percent of dogs. Combining antihistamines such as hydroxyzine with corticosteroids is the optimal therapy for effective inflammation and itch relief.

Dosage

Hydroxyzine requires a prescription from your veterinarian. It is available in multiple forms., including 10-mg, 25-mg, 50-mg and 100-mg tablets. It is also available as 2-mg/ml oral syrup. Hydroxyzine may also be administered intravenously, particularly in emergency situations that require prompt treatment. It is absorbed more rapidly intravenously, so this increases the chance of side effects and should only be used when necessary. Hydroxyzine dosage for dogs is 1 mg per pound, 2 to 3 times a day. The dog's individual response and the condition that is being treated are factors that affect the duration of usage.

Precautions

As with any medication, there are side effects that have been reported with the use of hydroxyzine, including lethargy, diarrhea, lack of appetite, vomiting and sedation. It should only be used during pregnancy when the benefits outweigh the possible risks. Dogs with glaucoma, high blood pressure, heart disease, lung disease or an enlarged prostate should not use hydroxyzine. Hydroxyzine may interact with certain medications including barbiturates and tranquilizers.

References

• Mar Vista Animal: Hydroxyzine
• Barbara Forney, VMD: Hydroxyzine HCl for Veterinary Use
• Pet Place: Hydroxyzine