Tig Welding Procedure
The various types of welding processes are distinguished from one another by the manner in which they create the welded material. One process uses a flame-torch, another a combustible metal rod, and another, more recent, process uses tungsten. Tungsten inert gas (TIG), or gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), is a welding process that uses a tungsten electrode and argon gas to create welded materials. TIG welding does have different requirements than the other types, and so the preparation and process is different as well.
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Equipment
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The TIG welder has an electrical power source that is cooled by an external system. The power source has a gas valve connection, which filters the argon gas to the torch. The torch is connected to the power source and coolant system. The tungsten comes out of the torch's tip as a wire segment. A foot-activated power switch and grounding clamp are the two remaining features.
Preparation
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Before a piece of metal is to be welded, its surface needs to be cleaned with a wire brush. The grounding clamp should be fastened to the metal, on a corner or a side away from where the weld will be made.
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System Power
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The power and coolant systems are turned on with a switch, and an amp dial will show the amount of power being supplied. The amount of power necessary depends on the model. The argon tank is opened, sending gas through the power system into the torch.
Welding
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The TIG welding process is similar to others, in that the tungsten wire must initially touch the metal to activate the spark. Once activated, the tip is elevated above the metal, and the welding can begin. But, TIG welding differs from others, in that the distance maintained between the tungsten tip and metal needs to be shorter. The ideal electrode to metal length is 1/8 inch or less. If the distance is longer, the weld quality will decrease. The argon gas is distributed around the arc during the process, preventing other elements from entering the welded material.
Considerations
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Because of the minimal electrode to metal length, TIG is more difficult than other types. As a result, TIG welding is usually taken up after practice with flame-torch or stick welding.
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References
- Photo Credit the electric welding image by Victor M. from Fotolia.com
