Wood Pellets Soft Wood Vs. Hard Wood

Pellet stoves can be an economical heating method.

Pellet stoves can be an economical alternative to gas or electricity for home heating. The wood pellets sold for these stoves come in a variety of wood types and qualities and are sold in various units of measure as well. Opinions vary as to whether hardwood pellets or softwood pellets deliver greater value and heating economy.

Hardwood Pellets

Hard woods such as oak, birch or maple compose most hardwood pellets for use in a pellet stove. Hard wood in general has a low moisture content and a higher BTU. This higher BTU (British thermal unit) causes hardwood to burn hotter and longer than softer varieties. However, the process of creating pellets out of the hardwood material removes this advantage. Hardwood pellets usually cost more than softwood pellets.

Softwood Pellets

Soft woods such as pine, cedar or spruce are materials used to create softwood pellets. Since soft wood has a higher moisture content than hardwood, it burns hotter initially but for a shorter period of time. High sap content in softwood also causes it to spark and crackle as it burns. However, like hardwood pellets, the process of manufacturing softwood pellets removes these factors.

Misconceptions

The process of turning wood, whether soft or hard, into pellets essentially equalizes their heat value. Many consumers believe that since hard woods have a higher heat value, spending a little more purchasing hardwood pellets will pay off with hotter, longer burning times. Quality is important when purchasing wood pellets, but heat and burn times are virtually the same.

Quality

Make certain that wood pellets are 100 percent compressed hard wood or soft wood with no bark or paper added. Pellets with bark or paper added produce a pungent odor. The highest-quality pellets should contain a maximum of 1 percent ash, but preferably less. Low-quality pellets will deposit ash debris inside the stove, which will require more maintenance and possibly reduce the life of the stove.

Warning

Wood pellet stoves must be sealed and vented properly upon installation to prevent toxic fumes from leaking into living spaces. Carbon monoxide gas is colorless and odorless and is a byproduct of burning both hardwood and softwood pellets. Follow the instruction manual exactly upon installation or hire a professional for the job. Use only venting materials clearly sanctioned by the owner's manual.

References

• Firewoodresource.com: Hardwood vs Softwood Pellets
• WoodPellets.com: Hardwood Pellets vs. Softwood Pellets
• Pelletking.com: Wood Pellet Information
• Encyclopedia of Alternative Energy and Sustainable Living