Basic Components of Computer-Based Training

Computer-based training provides opportunties for students to learn new skills at their own pace.

Computer-based training (CBT) typically includes text, graphics, audio and video instruction that allows students to interact with educational materials at their own pace. CBT is usually delivered by CD-ROM (whereas Web-based training is delivered via the Internet, with students using a browser.) Basic CBT interaction includes multiple choice questions, demonstrations and simulations that allow students to practice what they've learned. Printed certificates enable students to prove they have completed the course.

Features

CBT features basic multimedia components (e.g., audio, video and animation) making them a good alternative to printed self-paced materials. Because they can be easily distributed to wide audiences, CBT is often chosen as the delivery mechanism for large scale corporate training initiatives. Delivery costs are typically less than face to face training, enabling reduced overall training costs. Modules or lessons typically contain an overview of the topic, learning objectives which define what the student should be able to do upon completion of the lesson, instructional text, practice exercises, an assessment and a summary of the information covered.

Function

Using CBT text, visuals and computer-based interaction, students improve their skills, knowledge and performance. Students obtain course materials to learn about subjects for which they might not have physical access to do so. Because CBT is available at any time, students have the flexibility to review training materials at their own convenience. Emulations of software or environments provide opportunities for students to practice what they have learned in a simulated environment.

Usage

CBT consisting of basic text and graphics is used by schools, universities and corporations to provide self-paced instructional opportunities. Because everyone accesses the same CBT, everyone hears the same message, reinforcing consistency and standards. Immediate scoring and reporting, unbiased administration and easier translation into other languages make CBT an attractive curriculum delivery format choice.

Disadvantages

Developing CBTs consisting of text, graphics and multimedia can be time consuming and expensive. Use of authoring tools requires development expertise. Long sequences of text and graphics may be boring to users. Asynchronous learning (that does not occur at the same time as the instructor provides the information) limits human interaction that may be inappropriate for some kinds of content. Computer-based assessments may be insufficient to demonstrate skill mastery (e.g., flying an airplane or performing surgery.)

Expert Insight

CBT can be included as part of a comprehensive curriculum. Online learning resources including email, online discussion boards, wikis, blogs and learning management systems allow users to discuss course content with other students and instructors.

References

• "Multimedia-based Instructional Design"; William W. Lee and Diana L. Owens; 2004

Resources

• ASTD: Glossary