Information on the Medicine Firocoxib for Animals

Firocoxib is the first COX-2 inhibitor for horses approved by FDA.

Firocoxib is known by the brand names of Equioxx and Previcox. Firocoxib is a non-steroidal anti-flammatory drug (NSAID) approved for use in horses and dogs. It belongs to the class of drugs known as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors. Firocoxib targets the COX-2 enzyme which causes pain and inflammation. Blocking this enzyme hinders the production of prostaglandin which is a chemical messenger responsible for many painful conditions. It is the first COX-2 inhibitor approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in horses.

Use in Horses

The use of firocoxib reduces the occurrence of ulcers over other NSAIDs.

Firocoxib is used to control pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis. The use of firocoxib reduces lameness, pain, swelling and improves range of motion. Because firocoxib only targets the COX-2 enzyme, the COX-1 is available to execute it's safeguarding role within the gastrointestinal tract and kidneys. This availability reduces the potential for gastrointestinal ulcers compared to the use of other NSAIDs.

Use in Dogs

Older arthritic dogs can benefit from the use of firocoxib.

Firocoxib is labeled for the use for osteoarthritis in dogs. It is designed to relieve canine pain associated with arthritis. Dogs which are having difficulty running, jumping, rising or displaying symptoms of stiffness are candidates for the use of firocoxib.

Dosing and Adminstration

Firocoxib is labeled for oral administration. It can be given with food to minimize the possibility of gastrointestinal side effects. If long term use of the drug is required, a veterinarian should be consulted for dosing adjustments. Some animals with particular arthritic conditions require periodic dosing throughout their lifetime. Two doses at once should not be given even if a dose is missed.

Side Effects

Stomach upset is the most common side effect. However, stomach ulcers may evolve. Loss of appetite, change in stool or manure or constipation may be an indication of ulcers. Increased thirst and urination or changes in color or smell of urine indicate kidney problems. Liver side effects include jaundice (yellowing of gums, skin or eyes). Other potential side effects include lethargy, pale gums, seizures, shedding, incoordination or behavioral changes. Stop treatment and seek medical help if these symptoms are observed.

Precautions

Fibocoxib is not for use in animals hypersensitive or allergic to firocoxib, carprofen, aspirin, etodolac, meloxicam, tepoxalin, deracoxib or other NSAIDs. Firocoxib is not for use in dogs weighing less than seven pounds. Firocoxib safety has not been determined in breeding, pregnant or lactating animals. It should not be used in animals with bleeding conditions and should be used under careful observation in geriatric or dehydrated animals or those with internal disorders.

References

• Fosters and Smith Pharmacy: Fircoxib
• The Horse: First COX-2 Inhibitor for Horses Approved by FDA
• Merial: Help for Dogs in Pain Associated with Canine Osteoarthritis