What Are Lactated Ringers
A lactated ringer is a solution used in medical settings to replace lost fluid as a result of injury or illness. Although a lactated ringer looks like water, it contains additives to help replenish the body, including calcium, potassium, sodium, chloride and lactate.
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Distribution
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The fluids in a lactated ringer are administered into the patient's bloodstream intravenously (IV). If a vein cannot be found, it can be administered orally. Oral medication may also be prescribed for pediatric patients or for at-home use when a home care nurse is present.
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History
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The use of lactated ringers dates back to the late 1800s, when Dr. Sidney Ringer created a solution containing potassium, calcium, chloride and sodium in water. This solution was termed "Ringer" after its creator. Dr. Alexis Hartmann later found that adding lactate to the solution made it more suitable for young patients, which is why the solution is now called lactated ringer.
Purpose
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Lactated Ringers help replace a patient's lost fluid or blood in the body, but because of the sodium in the bag, it is normally not considered an option for long-term fluid replacement. Its indication is for short-term fluid replacement, especially in the cases of significant fluid or blood loss in patients who have suffered a severe burn, trauma or dehydration while the patient is unable to drink fluids required to maintain body functions. It can also be used to help treat acidosis, a chemical imbalance caused due to renal failure or fluid loss.
Effects
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Adverse reactions are possible when receiving lactated ringers, including allergic reactions, coughing and problems breathing. The incidence of side effects is more common in women who are pregnant. If you have adverse reactions while receiving a lactated ringer, it is important that your physician re-evaluate you.
Warnings
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Lactated ringers should be used with care, as they can cause severe problems in patients with congestive heart failure and renal problems. The sodium levels in the solution can cause swelling and fluid retention, putting more strain on the function of organs. The levels of potassium can also put additional strain on the renal system.
Use on Animals
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In addition to its use in human patients, lactated ringers may be used to help treat animals, especially those with renal failure. The solution can be injected or administered via IV, depending on the severity of the animal's health issue.
References
Resources
- Photo Credit "La estructura de la emergencia" is Copyrighted by Flickr user: Daquella manera (Daniel Lobo) under the Creative Commons Attribution license.
