Risks of a Hysterosalpingogram
A hysterosalpingogram, also called a HSG, is an outpatient X-ray procedure that uses an iodine contrast to outline the uterus and fallopian tubes. This procedure is performed to evaluate the fallopian tubes for blockages, to assess the uterus for abnormalities, to diagnose fertility problems and to ensure the fallopian tubes are blocked after a permanent sterilization. According to the American Society for Reproductive Medicine, risks associated with a hysterosalpingogram occur less than 1 percent of the time.
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Normal Side Effects
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Normal side effects that occur after a hysterosalpingogram include spotting for one to two days and mild to moderate cramping that may last five minutes to several hours. Contact your physician if these side effects become bothersome or if you experience heavy bleeding after this procedure.
Risks
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Risks associated with a hysterosalpingogram include infection, fainting, a low level of radiation exposure, allergic reaction to iodine and puncturing of the uterus. An infection is the most common complication of a hysterosalpingogram. Rarely, an infection can damage the fallopian tubes. Due to the risk of infection, your physician may prescribe a dose of antibiotics to take before and after a hysterosalpingogram. Fainting or lightheadedness can rarely occur during or after this procedure. An iodine allergy is more common in people with an allergy to intravenous contrast dye or seafood.
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Symptoms of Infection and Allergic Reaction
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Symptoms of an infection include pain, fever and a foul-smelling or abnormal vaginal discharge. Symptoms of an allergic reaction to iodine include swelling, itching and a rash. If you experience these side effects within one to two days after a hysterosalpingogram contact your physician or, if severe, contact emergency medical services.
Considerations
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Your physician may suggest an alternative procedure called a sonohysterogram if you are allergic to iodine, intravenous contrast dye or seafood. This procedure uses a different type of fluid. The drawback of a sonohysterogram is that information about the fallopian tubes isn't as detailed as a hysterosalpingogram.
Results
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According to MedlinePlus.com, a normal hysterosalpingogram will show an ordinary uterus and fallopian tubes. An abnormal hysterosalpingogram may indicate adhesions of the uterus, developmental disorders, fallopian tube blockage, ectopic pregnancy, presence of abnormalities, scarring, tubal adhesions, traumatic injury and tumors in the uterus.
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