Touch Screen History

A touch screen is a unique type of visual display device that allows the user to physically interface with the computer or other electronic device by touching the screen. Whether you are using a local ATM or making a phone call on one of the newer cell devices, in one form or another, we are all exposed to touch screen technology.

Apple iPhone.

History

In 1971, Sam Hurst, an instructor at the University of Kentucky, invented the first touch sensor called the "Elograph." This very early version of a physical interface more closely resembled the touch pads on some older laptops; it was dark and non-transparent like modern touch screens. Hurst patented his sensor in 1972 and used it as the focal point of a new business called Elographics. In 1977 Siemens Corporation offered to financially support an effort by Elographics to produce the first curved glass touch sensor interface, later called a "touchscreen."

Resistive Technology

The most prevalent touch screen technology is the original resistive technology pioneered by Elographics. The term, "resistive" refers to the way the system registers the touch of the user. Basically, the resistive system is comprised of five components, including the CRT (cathode ray tube) or screen base, the glass panel, the resistive coating, a separator dot, a conductive cover sheet and a durable top coating. Because a resistive touch screen responds to the pressure of the touch, a variety of input devices can be used (i.e. finger tips, finger nails, glove covered fingers, or a stylus). Of the several touch screen technologies in use today, resistive touch screens are the most used because of their durability, versatility, ease of integration and low relative cost.

Other Touch Screen Types

Other touch screen technologies have been developed over the years. The major difference between each new technology has been the way a user's touch is detected. Infrared scanning systems register a touch when a field of infrared beams is interrupted. A surface-acoustic wave touch identifies a touch by the reduction of the acoustic signal at the point of contact on the screen. Capacitive touch screens use the body of the user as a ground for a small electric current promulgated over the screen.

Applications

Some of the more noticeable applications for touch screen technology include the iPhone, from Apple, most electronic kiosks use touch screen interfaces, and self service isles of many grocery stores. Newer applications include monitors and keypads for personal computers, flat panel televisions, and interactive display screens for use in the medical and health care environment. New marketable applications are being produced at an incredible rate.

Potential

Using existing touch screen technology, there is an incredible potential to reduce size, weight and portability limitations on interactive hardware like computers and televisions. Paired with other technologies like robotics, scientists are able to perform complex, physical interactions in harsh or remote locations. With the inevitable technological advances in touch screen technology, this technology could continue to have an increasing impact on our daily lives.

References

• Elographics, Inc.