Spinal Fusion Recovery
Spinal fusion is an invasive surgical procedure performed to fix problems with the spine and vertebrae. Spinal fusion surgery is performed to treat conditions associated with injuries, disc degeneration, scoliosis and/or kyphosis (curvature of the spine) and spinal instability. Specific recovery time varies according to the area surgery was performed but typically varies from three months to a year.
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Medication
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Physicians will generally prescribe pain medications, sleeping pills and laxatives after spinal fusion surgery to prevent as much discomfort as possible. After discharge, pain medications may be prescribed, and directions should be followed to prevent adverse side effects. If narcotics are prescribed, tapering occurs within a month post-op, when acetaminophen can be used instead. Consult with a physician on the proper medication regime for post-op conditions.
Wound Care
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After spinal fusion surgery, a drain insertion may be used to eliminate accumulated fluids from the surgical procedure. A surgical dressing is placed over the incision and will have stitches, staples and/or Steri-Strips. If staples are used, removal will occur two to three weeks post-op, and the Steri-Strips will fall off on their own. The dressing is removed two to three days after surgery and is only required if drainage is still present. If permitted, the patient can wash the wound with soap and water but should not submerge the wound for an extended period of time in water.
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Brace
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A pre-fitted back brace may be prescribed after thoracic or lumbar spinal fusion surgery. A cervical collar might be recommended after surgery for spinal fusion in the cervical region. After surgery, the brace is used to immobilize movement for optimal healing. Health care professionals suggest the brace be worn at all times while out of bed. The healing time for bone growth is approximately three to twelve months, and brace requirements may be for that long.
Rehabilitation
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After spinal fusion surgery, rehabilitation will start right away. A therapist will educate the patient on proper "log rolling" techniques. These techniques will enable the patient to get in and out of bed. An exercise routine will begin as soon as the individual can tolerate standing with short walks around the hospital. This routine will be closely monitored by a therapist to prevent further injury. After being released from the hospital, the patient is encouraged to continue walking as much as tolerable and will be later referred to a physical therapist for a strengthening regime.
Diet
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After the procedure, ice chips and/or very limited amounts of water will be allowed for the first 24 to 36 hours. Eating regular foods should be introduced slowly to prevent indigestion, diarrhea or constipation.
After Recovery
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After recovering from spinal fusion surgery, an individual can resume normal daily tasks, including work. Some episodes of pain can still occur that can normally be controlled with over-the-counter medications. Optimal care plans should be followed to include a healthy diet program, exercise program, smoking cessation and weight management.
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