Giardiasis Diagnosis
Giardiasis is caused by the intestinal parasite Giardia intestinalis. According to the Centers for Disease Control, Giardiasis is one of the most common reasons for waterborne illnesses within the United States. For example, pools, water parks, hot tubs and spas, lakes and rivers, or streams and other water sources can contain Giardia. If you manage to swallow even a small amount of water containing the parasite, you will develop an infection. There are a few tests to determine if you suffer from an infection.
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Causes
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Cases of Giardiasis occur when you manage to ingest the parasite. You can become infected by picking up the parasite from contaminated surfaces, such as changing tables, diaper pails, toys and bathroom fixtures. Contaminated water can also carry the parasite as well eating uncooked meat that contains the parasite. The parasite is also passed through stool. It is very common to see children pass an infection in schools when the infected child doesn't wash his hands and touches other children.
Stool Sample
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If you suffer from symptoms that include liquid, foul-smelling stools, fatigue, abdominal cramping and weight loss, your physician will order for a stool sample to be collected from you. According to the Mayo Clinic, you might have to give multiple samples over a period of a few days. The more samples that are collected by you can provide for a more proficient diagnosis. Samples that are collected are examined at a lab. You may be asked to give more samples after a treatment course to ensure that you are being cleared of the parasites.
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Enteroscopy
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If you suffer from severe diarrhea as a result of Giardiasis, your physician will order an enteroscopy to rule out other possible conditions causing the diarrhea. Prior to the procedure, you are mildly sedated. A small, thin tube known as an endoscope is then inserted either through your mouth or rectum. Small tissue samples can be removed during the procedure to test for the cause of your diarrhea. If the parasite is found within the tissue sample, a positive diagnosis will confirm your infection.
String Test
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A string test requires you to swallow a string that has a weighted capsule at the end of the string. The string is then removed a few hours later. The string is examined under a microscope to detect any parasites or eggs from the parasite. According to Medline Plus, the string test may be necessary if a stool sample did not show any signs of parasites. If your results are found to be abnormal, the test may conclude that you're suffering from a parasitic infection.
Prevention/Solution
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The best way to prevent the spread of any kind of infection is to wash your hands. Remind your children when they are at school to wash their hands. According to the Mayo Clinic, you can have your little one wash her hands efficiently by singing a short song, such as the ABC's. You should wash your hands for up to 15 to 20 seconds. Older children can also use alcohol-based hand sanitizers when at school. When swimming in any type of water source, never drink the water and keep your mouth closed. Be wary of public drinking fountains. If you travel to another country, always drink bottled water.
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References
Resources
- Photo Credit United States Federal Gov't/wikimedia.org
