Spinal Meningitis in Children
Spinal meningitis is caused when the membranes that surround the spinal cord and brain become inflamed. There are multiple types of spinal meningitis that vary in severity. If there is any suspicion a child may have meningitis, it's best to seek immediate treatment. Spinal meningitis that is not treated promptly can cause permanent damage and even death.
Other People Are Reading
-
Types
-
The most common form of spinal meningitis diagnosed in children is known as viral meningitis. Many children may suffer from viral meningitis without ever being diagnosed with the condition. Symptoms of this type of meningitis mimic those of the flu and it is regularly treated as such. Bacterial meningitis is considered to be the most serious of the different types. Listeria, E-Coli, and Streptococcus can be responsible for bacterial meningitis. In rare instances, children can develop spinal meningitis as the result of another illness, such as an ear infection that spreads.
Symptoms
-
Vomiting is one of the most common symptoms of spinal meningitis. Children may become sensitive to light and complain of a headache. Fevers and noticeable differences in a child's personality can also be symptoms of meningitis. Children may experience stiffness in their necks. Some children suffering from meningitis may be affected by seizures. Meningitis can also cause children to become lethargic and irritable.
-
Diagnosis
-
Doctors will perform a lumbar puncture (spinal tap) to determine if a child has spinal meningitis. During this procedure, a hollow needle is inserted between the bones of the lower back. A test tube is then used to gather fluid contained within the spine. This fluid is then tested for meningitis and can be used to determine the type of meningitis that a child might have. Other tests may be performed in order to rule out other diseases before a lumbar puncture is performed. This may include blood work, X-rays, or a CT scan.
Treatment
-
Children suffering from bacterial meningitis are treated at the hospital. Doctors will administer antibiotics through an IV. Fluids given to the child through an IV will help to prevent dehydration. Corticosteroids may be prescribed to ease the inflammation of the membranes that surround the spinal cord and brain. Children with viral meningitis may be allowed to return home during their treatment. Doctors may recommend a pain medication and lots of rests for children suffering from this type of meningitis.
Complications
-
Spinal meningitis can vary greatly in its severity. Children with meningitis may need specific treatment for some of their symptoms including low blood pressure, seizures, and shock. Bacterial meningitis can become so serious it can lead to a child's death. Children with bacterial meningitis can develop hearing and vision problems. Learning disabilities can also be the result of bacterial meningitis. Prompt treatment of spinal meningitis can reduce the risks of any permanent side effects.
-
