Cosmetology License Requirements
All estheticians in the United States are required to obtain and maintain a cosmetology license before providing esthetic services to the public. Even though cosmetology license requirements vary by state, all estheticians must complete a certain number of hours of classroom education and hands-on training before they can take an examination provided by their state's Board of Cosmetology.
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Education Requirements
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Individuals interested in going to cosmetology school and getting a cosmetology license need to have at least a high school diploma or GED. Some states require an aspiring cosmetologist to complete training at a state-licensed cosmetology school, but some estheticians can take courses at a private college or technical school. Those who do not attend a state-licensed school cannot take the state licensing examination.
Courses
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Most cosmetology programs last between nine to 12 months, and may include training in fields such as makeup, skin management, hair care and business management.
State-licensed cosmetology schools that prepare students for the state's cosmetology licensing requirements typically offer the following courses: European facial technique; basic makeup application; skin exfoliation techniques; aromatherapy; back treatments; eyelash and eyebrow tinting; manicures and pedicures; acne treatments; skin analysis protocol; makeup theory; chemical peels; cosmetic procedures; sanitation and disinfection; basic chemistry; product ingredients and basic facial theory, amongst others. -
Practical Experience
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Many cosmetology schools around the United States offer hands-on training as part of their educational program so that aspiring estheticians can learn how to greet clients, complete a skin consultation and administer treatments. The number of hours of practical experience required to obtain a cosmetology license vary by state.
The SkinScience Institute of Laser & Esthetics reports that as of 2009, the majority of states required at least 600 hours of training and education, while some states such as Delaware, Pennsylvania and Massachusetts only required 300 hours of training. Utah and Virginia require 1,200 hours, while Alabama requires 1,500 hours.
Considerations
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According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, some states allow licensed cosmetologists to obtain a license in another state without completing an additional program. This is under a reciprocity agreement between the two states and allows the cosmetologist to move to another state without having to pay for additional classes or sitting for the examination by the board of cosmetology again.
In order to maintain her cosmetology license, the esthetician will need to take continuing education courses and pay a license-renewal fee. The number of continuing education courses needed and the cost of renewal fees varies by state.
Career Outlook
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The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that as of 2009, the overall employment of cosmetologists is expected to grow slightly faster than the average for all occupations. Cosmetologists who have met all cosmetology licensing requirements and are working towards advancing in their career may enjoy more favorable job opportunities at high-end spas, beauty salons and aesthetic centers. As of May 2006, the average hourly rate for licensed cosmetologists, including tips and commission, was $10.25 per hour.
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