Citric Acid Properties
Citric acid is one of the most common types of natural acids in the world. Because it is found in many fruits and nearly every digestive system, citric acid can be added to foods and cleaners alike without posing toxic dangers to users. The acid, along with derivatives made from it, has myriad uses in chemical and food industries, usually acting as a preservative or buffer. Today, most citric acid is harvested mold that is farmed specifically to produce it.
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Origins
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Citric acid is a chemical produced by citrus fruits such as oranges and lemons. It is organic, and therefore much weaker than synthetic versions. There are small amounts of citric acid in many different kinds of fruits, but it is only harvested from a select number with high quantities. The acid is used by plants to deter hungry pests from attacking the fruit, which protects the seed.
Properties
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Although only a light acid, citric acid can affect both natural substances and biological systems. When used in its pure form, it can act as an antioxidant, and its light acidic properties can remove some contaminants from the nearby environment. It also forms a vital part of metabolism, helping people and animals to digest food. In its pure form, the acid resembles a white powder, although it can also bond to water to create a liquid solution.
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Chemistry
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Citric acid is described by the chemical formula C6H8O7, composed of six carbon atoms, eight hydrogen atoms and seven oxygen atoms. Broken down further, the compound is described as 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid (IUPAC).
Citrates
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When prepared correctly, the citric compounds can lose a proton and form citrate ions. These ions then form salts such as calcium citrate, a useful substance that can be added to other solutions as a buffer. Citrates are also used in water softeners, since their ionized form reacts with metallic ions.
Uses
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Citric acid is a popular preservative and flavoring used in manufacturing types of food, especially soft drinks. Citrates have a number of applications in chemical experiments, drugs and various kinds of household cleaners.
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References
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Comments
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