What is Gycolic Acid?

Glycolic acid is primarily used in facial skin care treatments, being derived from the alpha hydroxy branch of natural acids. These acids, found in wine, fruit, milk and plants have been used for centuries to help clear up and moisturize facial skin, making it an important part of any beauty routine. Glycolic acid comes from the sugar cane, and is also considered the only alpha hydroxy acid that stimulates collagen and elastin in the top layer of the epidermis.

Uses

Those looking to refresh older skin tend to use glycolic acid since it renews the appearance by exfoliating the top layer of skin, uncovering fresh skin cells. Glycolic acid is helpful in many anti-aging treatments since it smooths out wrinkles through skin regeneration, which slows down naturally as an individual gets older. People suffering from acne also use glycolic acid as an exfoliant to remove the top layer of facial skin that contains acne. New skin underneath contains less oil, which reduces the chances for acne to form. Some over-the-counter products use glycolic acid to exfoliate any skin type, leaving behind smooth, more youthful looking facial skin.

Acidity

For use on the face to smooth and tighten skin, the strength of the acid used on an individual is determined by the needs of skin care. For home peels, retail stores sell very low concentrations at about three percent for a very light peel, while concentrations at dermatologists' or aestheticians' offices may reach 50 percent or higher. Over-the-counter anti-aging products like lotions or serums may also contain a very low amount of glycolic acid, as well as acne medications and treatments.

Peels

Glycolic acid is used in chemical peels to create smoother, younger skin either at home or by a dermatologist or aesthetician. The peel contains a chemical solution that is applied to the skin, removing the outer layers to reveal new, fresh skin. Anyone may do a chemical peel, but those who have uneven coloring, acne and wrinkles are the most frequent users. To get the results from a chemical peel, the solution is added to the skin and left on for a designated amount of time depending on the needs of the individual. After the set time, the peel is wiped off the face, revealing a new layer of skin. The facial skin might be red or slightly irritated, but any discomfort is minimal and can be reduced with an over-the-counter pain reliever.

Side Effects

While using glycolic acid is safe and generally has very little side effects, some individuals might be more sensitive to its use than others. Those with sensitive skin should be cautious when using the acid, because it may cause slight redness, burning or irritation after use. Anyone who experiences a side effect from the glycolic acid should use a lower concentration to help with sensitivity issues. Discuss any discomfort with a dermatologist so he can reduce effects by lowering concentration levels or offer a pain reliever.

Precautions

When using glycolic acid as a facial treatment, the new layer of skin is very susceptible for sunburn after use. Be sure to apply a sunscreen to the skin before going outside, especially if you have fair skin. Those who use a gentle glycolic acid cleaner would also benefit from using sunscreen, since the acid can make an individual more sun sensitive.

References

• Glycolic Skin Care