- The thyroid gland regulates the body's metabolism. It is located at the front of the neck, and the two sides or lobes lie alongside the trachea. The thyroid converts iodine into thyroxin, the hormone that regulates the metabolism of every cell in the body. The pituitary gland controls the thyroid, telling it when to release more hormones or less hormones depending on the body's needs at the time.
- Hypothyroidism is when the thyroid does not produce enough hormone. Symptoms include feeling tired, weakness, depression, irritability, hair loss, weight gain and constipation. In children, there is often difficulty in school as children feel too tired and down to pay attention or participate. The child may seem much more lethargic and show a decreased interest in regular activities.
- Hyperthyroidism indicates an overproduction of thyroid hormone. Symptoms may include nervousness, jitters, a decrease in heat tolerance, a feeling of breathlessness, insomnia, weight loss, hair loss, trembles, increased heart rate, a "spacey" gaze and increased bowel movements. Hyperthyroidism can make it difficult for a child to focus and concentrate. In school, the symptoms may include classroom disruption and inability to sit still for very long.
- Along with hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, there are possibilities of thyroid cancer, goiter and thyroiditis. If your child experiences the above symptoms and a fever, neck pain, difficulty breathing, pressure in the neck or swollen glands, a trip to the doctor is in order.
- The symptoms for a thyroid condition can be misleading. Most of the symptoms for thyroid conditions are also symptoms for many other conditions. If you notice changes in your child's behavior and demeanor and you suspect a thyroid condition, it is best to see an endocrinologist. An endocrinologist is a specialist who understands the glands that secrete hormones into our bodies.
