What Are PCBs?
As environmental awareness is a concern of many, we learn more about contaminants poisoning our surroundings. One such deadly compound is PCB, or polychlorinated biphenyl, which has been widely used by electrical and industrial manufacturers in the US. Despite the ban in 1979, there are remaining risks from PCB applications and with proper handling and disposal. PCBs can slowly be eradicated from the environment.
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Harmful Contaminant
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A toxic environmental contaminant, polychlorinated biphenyl may still be wreaking havoc today despite the ban on its production in 1979. Evidence of its harmful buildup in the environment led to a ceasing of its production in the US in 1977.
History
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PCBs are chemical compounds that were developed in the 1930s. Billions of pounds were manufactured before production ceased. Thus, the federal government has implemented cleanup measures to lessen the impact of PCBs on the environment.
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Applications
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Beyond their presence in electrical components, PCBs have been used in paints, plastics, rubber products, dyes and hydraulic equipment. Other potential applications of PCBs are still present in transformers, voltage regulators and fluorescent light ballasts, motor oils, thermal insulation and tapes and adhesives, oil-based paints, caulking and floor finishes. The most common trade name for PCB is Aroclor.
Environmental Effects
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PCBs still run the risk of being released into the environment if proper disposal measures aren't observed. Acts of illegal dumping and insufficient landfills contribute to the deterioration of the soil, water and air. PCBs do not diminish easily and can be dispersed by wind or erosion. They can accumulate in agricultural lands where food crops are planted, thus posing more health risks to animals and people, including the risk of cancer and diseases of the reproductive and nervous systems.
Remediation
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A variety of PCB remediation measures can be undertaken for both possible and confirmed areas of contamination. Sites are tested to determine whether or not the soil can be backfilled with a clean layer. Chemicals or microbes can be introduced to break down the PCBs and lessen their harmful effects. Remediation crews can also expose the area to extremely high heat. These procedures must be applied with skill, to avoid the development of more deadly compounds and their release into the environment.
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