The Effects of Diabetes on the Body
Diabetes is a condition where the insulin in your body is insufficient to convert starches and sugars into energy. This results in blood sugar levels that are too high. Diabetes can lead to complications involving other functions within your body.
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Kidneys
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Diabetic nephropathy is a condition where your kidneys have been damaged, and they no longer clean your blood properly. The result is an accumulation of fluids and wastes. Urine and blood tests can be used to monitor your kidney function. Continued damage can result in kidney failure, which requires dialysis (your blood is cleaned by a machine) or kidney transplant.
Feet
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Diabetes can result in damage to the blood vessels and nerves of your feet. The condition can cause a loss of feeling in your feet. Due to this you may not feel or notice an injury to your foot, such as a blister or cut. In addition, your feet may not be receiving enough oxygen and blood in order to heal. Left untreated, a sore may lead to infection and ulcer. In extreme cases, foot problems can result in amputation. It is important to practice good hygiene for your feet.
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Eyes
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Diabetes can result in damage to the blood vessels in the retina of your eye. This condition is called diabetic retinopathy. Symptoms may include dark or floating spots, rings, flashing lights, blurred or double vision, blank spots, pain, pressure and difficulty seeing from the corners of your eyes. According to the American Diabetes Association, between 12,000 and 24,000 diabetics that lose their sight due to the disease. Having regular eye exams each year can help by identifying problems early for prompt treatment.
Nerves
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The covering of your nerves, or the blood vessels of your nerves, can suffer damage from diabetes. The condition is called diabetic neuropathy. Symptoms may include numbness in your leg, feet or hands; nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation; shooting pain, tingling or a burning sensation; sexual dysfunction; dizziness from quick movements and urinary problems. Nerve disease caused by diabetes is the most common reason for limb amputation aside from traumatic injuries.
Heart Disease
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High blood pressure and high cholesterol are two complications of diabetes that can raise your risk of heart disease or stroke. Diabetes has an effect on how your heart pumps your blood. The chemical properties of your blood may be changed, resulting in narrow or clogged blood vessels. This condition, called atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries), occurs more quickly with diabetes. According to the American Diabetes Association, heart disease is two times more common in diabetics than other people. In addition, diabetics are more likely to have a stroke.
Considerations
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If you are a diabetic, it is important to monitor your blood glucose levels, take your medicine as instructed by your doctor, eat a healthy, balanced diet, exercise and control your weight. Taking good care of yourself can lower your risk of complications or identify problems before they become life-threatening.
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