The Definition of Microprocessor
The microprocessor, also known as the central processing unit (CPU), is essentially what makes a computer work. The microprocessor forms the heart of the computer, along with the memory. The balance of the computer -- keyboard, monitor and mouse -- are known as peripherals. While peripherals are important for users to be able to work with a computer, they are useless without a functioning microprocessor.
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Definition
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The microprocessor is responsible for performing all the functions and commands of a computer. Every software program and every hardware component of the computer is dependent upon the microprocessor. The processor manipulates data through the software, and transfers information between the other hardware components of the computer, such as the memory and the keyboard.
Microprocessor vs Memory
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The microprocessor, along with the memory, form the heart of the computer. They are what actually make the computer work. However, the memory serves a different function from the microprocessor. While the microprocessor actually carries out the functions of a computer, the memory determines the capacity of the computer to carry out those functions, and especially the ability of the computer to perform multiple functions simultaneously.
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Microprocessors and Mainframes
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A mainframe computer is often used to control large computer networks throughout an entire company, or to perform highly complex scientific and mathematical computations. Mainframe computers use multiple microprocessors which allow them to perform a number of simultaneous functions efficiently and quickly. Nonetheless, the microprocessors for a mainframe computer are incorporated within a single integrated circuit (IC) or motherboard.
Microprocessors and Personal Computers
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The microprocessor for a personal computer is nearly always integrated into a single chip which is installed onto the motherboard of the computer. This is the case for both desktop computers and for portable (laptop) computers. The microprocessor chip is connected to the motherboard by pins.
Intel vs AMD
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The two major brand names of microprocessors are Intel and Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (AMD). Intel has claimed the lion's share of the market, more than 77 percent. AMD has approximately 22 percent of the microprocessor market. In May 2009, the European Union levied a fine of $1.5 billion against Intel for anti-competitive practices. According to the ruling, Intel coerced customers to purchase only Intel chips for their computers, and impeded the introduction of AMD chips to the market.
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