Disease Progression of MS
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, central nervous system disease for which there is no cure. Its symptoms vary among individuals, and the progression of the disease is unpredictable. Symptoms can include fatigue, attention and memory problems, serious vision problems, tremors, lack of coordination, dizziness and tingling, numbness or pain in your extremities. Severe or advanced MS can result in loss of speech and mobility due to partial or total paralysis.
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Effects
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The protective tissue that surrounds and insulates the nerves of the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord) is called myelin. Symptoms of MS occur when the myelin becomes inflamed and breaks down, resulting in damage to the nerves as well. Hardened tissue replaces destroyed myelin and interferes with the signals to the nerves. The cause of MS in unknown.
Relapsing-Remitting
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According to the National Multiple Sclerosis Society, relapsing-remitting is the most common type of MS when it is initially diagnosed. With this type, there are periods of remission, or partial remission, between flare-ups. During flare-ups, sufferers experience an acute decline of neurological function. During remissions, there is no continued progress of the disease.
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Primary-Progressive
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According to the National MS Society, primary-progressive MS is relatively rare. In this type, there is a persistent progression of the disease with no evident remissions. The rate of the progression can vary, and may include some small though temporary improvements. At times, sufferes may reach a plateau where there is a brief standstill before the disease continues to progress.
Secondary-Progressive
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Secondary-progressive MS can be the next phase of the disease when relapsing-remitting MS was the initial diagnosis. In this type, the disease continually progresses, steadily becoming worse, and may include flare-ups and remissions. When relapsing-remitting MS is left untreated, 50 percent of sufferers will develop secondary-progressive MS within 10 years of their first diagnosis.
Progressive-Relapsing
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The National MS Society indicates that progressive-relapsing MS is relatively rare, but is a steadily worsening condition from the very beginning. It is also characterized by serious flare-ups from which there may or may not be any remission periods. During the time between flare-ups, the disease continues to progress.
Treatment
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Treatment is usually aimed at suppressing the autoimmune response and medications to treat the symptoms of MS. Physical therapy may be used to help stretch and strengthen muscles in order to remain physically active. In mild or moderate cases of MS, rest, a healthy diet and exercise can help relieve some of the symptoms.
Support
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It is important to continue a daily routine as much as possible to help deal with the emotional aspects of the disease. Sufferers should maintain relationships with their families and friends, and keep up with their interests and hobbies. A counselor of psychologist may offer some help, as well as support groups where people can discuss their concerns with others who are living with MS.
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