Definition of a Modified Radical Mastectomy
According to the National Cancer Institute, the treatment for breast cancer usually involves surgery. A mastectomy is surgical removal of the breast. There are a few different types of mastectomies including simple, modified radial mastectomy and radial mastectomy. The type of mastectomy recommended depends on the size of the tumor in the breast.
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Facts
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Each type of mastectomy involves removal of the breast. However, in a simple mastectomy, muscle and lymph nodes under the arm are not removed. A modified radial mastectomy is removal of the breast and some of the lymph nodes under the arm. Lining over the muscles of the chest wall may also be removed but not the muscle. It is different from a radial mastectomy, in which the breast, lymph nodes and muscles of the chest wall under the breast are removed.
Indications
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A modified radial mastectomy may be recommended in breast cancer cases where the tumors are too large to do a lumpectomy. Since the muscles of the chest wall are spared, it is less disfiguring. According to the American Cancer Society, it is the most common type of mastectomy performed. The procedure may be done in one or both breasts depending on the type of breast cancer and stage of the disease.
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Procedure
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The procedure requires general anesthesia. An incision is made to separate the breast tissue from the skin and the chest wall muscles underneath the breast. The breast is removed and the skin is stitched together. Lymph nodes under the arm will also be removed. Tubes that drain fluid will be placed under the skin where the breast was removed. Some women may choose to have reconstructive surgery immediately after the mastectomy. Reconstructive surgery to rebuild the breast may need to be completed in stages.
Risks
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According to the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, there are some risks associated with a modified radial mastectomy. Damage to the nerves under the arm, which can cause numbness, is a possibility. Because the lymph nodes are removed and normal lymph drainage is impaired, swelling may occur in the arm. This condition is known as lymphedema and can occur even years after surgery. Other risks include excess bleeding and infection. Signs of infection include, fever, redness around the incision and severe pain.
Recovery
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Most patients who have uncomplicated surgery are released from the hospital in a day or two. The tubes will remain in place for about a week and removed by the physician at a follow-up visit. Pain medication will be prescribed. Physical activities involving lifting will be restricted while the incision heals. Addition treatment to for breast cancer, such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy may be started. Although all women handle the loss of a breast differently, talking about your feelings with a healthcare professional or joining a support group may help you deal with emotional issues.
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