What Is a Colon Polyp?
Colon polyps, as the name implies, are located in the colon. There may be a single polyp or multiple polyps. A colonoscopy is the tool used to identify polyps, and a biopsy is then taken for diagnostic purposes. The polyp may be removed or destroyed. A colonoscopy procedure takes about 20 minutes. Colon polyps affect men and women equally.
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Definition
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A colon polyp is a common fleshy growth that occurs in the lining of the colon or large intestines. Colon polyps are shaped like a mushroom or a domed button. They could be present in the colon for long time without detection because they grow very slowly.
Significance
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Colon cancer is the second leading cause of death from cancer in the United States. When colon polyps increase in size, they can become cancerous growths. Early detection and removal of these polyps are important factors in reducing the incidence of colon cancer. The incidence of developing a colon polyp increases with age. It is estimated that 50 percent of people over the age of 60 will experience at least one colon polyp.
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Types
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The four types of colon polyps are adenomatous, hyperplastic, inflammatory and villous adenoma. Adenomatous polyps are prone to form cancerous growths. Hyperplastic polyps are small in size and are usually not malignant. Inflammatory polyps are usually associated with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. Villous adenoma polyps are the most serious with a high risk of causing colon cancer. Doctors recommend a biopsy of polyps for diagnosis and removal to prevent colon cancer.
Symptoms
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In some instances, there may be no symptoms of colon polyp growth. Symptoms that may be apparent are abdominal pains, a change in bowel movements (such as constipation or diarrhea) and passing bright, red blood from the rectum or dark, tarry, bloody stools.
Prevention/Solution
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The key factors in preventing colon polyps and colon cancer are the practice of a healthy diet and exercise regimen and having regular screenings for polyps and colon cancer. Maintain a proper intake of calcium through foods or calcium supplements. Reduce saturated fat intake, eat fresh fruits and vegetables and add high fiber to your diet; take adequate fluids, reduce alcohol intake and avoid smoking.
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