Symptoms & Treatments for Sun Poisoning
Sun poisoning is also known as polymorphous light eruption. This condition occurs when a person who is sensitive to sunlight has an allergic reaction to ultraviolet light. Sun poisoning may occur as a result of exposure to natural sunlight or light from a tanning bed. Sun poisoning most often affects the skin on the chest, neck, arms and thighs. People with fair skin or those taking medications that increase sun sensitivity are at the most risk. Medications that cause sun sensitivity include thiazide diuretics, tetracycline and suldonamides. The herb St. John's wort may also increase sun sensitivity. A person who had has sun poisoning has a good chance of getting it again. Women are more likely to have sun poisoning than men.
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Skin Symptoms
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Within 1 to 4 days after UV exposure, a person with sun poisoning will develop a red or pink rash on the affected area. The rash may appear as small bumps, blisters or scales. Sometimes sun poisoning may also cause patches of red and dry skin to form. The area may also swell. The affected area may be severely itchy. It may also produce a burning sensation or a sensation similar of what you might feel if you were being stung repeatedly by hundreds of fire ants. The skin may continue to affected by the sun poisoning reaction for several days.
Other Symptoms
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Sun poisoning may cause nausea, lethargy and headaches. Fever and chills may also occur.
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Oral Treatments
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Benadryl or some other type of antihistamine, may help lessen the body's reaction. Some doctors recommend taking an antihistamine along with the stomach acid medication Prevacid, which may also help to alleviate allergic symptoms. Anti-inflammatory medications such as ibuprofen can reduce soreness. Severe cases of sun poisoning may be treated with prescription steroid medications such as hydroxychloroquine.
Topical Treatments
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Hydrocortisone creams may decrease inflammation and reduce itching. Applying a cold compress or taking a cool bath or shower may also ease pain and discomfort.
Prevention
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Sun poisoning can be prevented by limiting sun exposure and diligently using sunscreen with SPF of at least 30. It is helpful to avoid sun exposure altogether during the hours from 11 a.m. to 4 p.m. and also to avoid tanning beds. Protective clothing should also be worn. Photo-therapy can also be used to sensitize the skin to the sun.
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