Careers in Medical Oncology
Medical oncologists specialize in the use of medical treatments, such as chemotherapy, to treat patients with cancer. Medical oncologists find careers working in research or practicing at hospitals and other care facilities. Several factors are expected to increase the demand for medical oncologists, suggesting that a career in medical oncology could be highly lucrative.
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Role of the Medical Oncologist
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Medical oncologists work in medical centers, cancer treatment centers, public and private hospitals and research centers. Their role is to diagnose patients with cancer and determine the proper course of treatment. Medical oncologists, as opposed to surgical or radiation oncologists, specialize in medical forms of treatment--primarily chemotherapy.
Medical Oncologists in Diagnosis and Treatment
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When a patient shows symptoms consistent with cancer or has a hereditary risk of cancer, the medical oncologist will perform tests--such as biopsies, endoscopy, blood tests or scans--to determine if cancer is present. The oncologist will then determine the best course of treatment or combination of treatments. Specialists in the other treatment areas may be consulted upon to determine the best course. If chemotherapy is deemed appropriate, the medical oncologist provides the treatment.
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Research in Medical Oncology
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Many medical oncologists also participate in research. This is an important aspect, because all of the causes of cancer are not yet known and a cure has yet to be uncovered. Some oncologists work at academic or research institutions solely on research and development of new treatments.
Training Required
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Oncologists must first complete an accredited medical program to become a licensed physician. Then they complete an additional training program in the medical oncology specialty. The American Board of Internal Medicine provides certification to physicians who have received training in this area and pass a certification exam.
Job Prospects in Oncology
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The American Society of Clinical Oncology predicts there will be a shortage of oncologists by the year 2020. At the same time, the demand for oncology services will increase due to the aging population and an increase in cancer survivorship. All of this leads to very good job prospects for those considering entering the field of medical oncology.
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