Cause of a Toothache
A toothache can cause considerable discomfort, an inability to concentrate and difficulty sleeping, and usually requires a visit to a dentist for a diagnosis and treatment. Although toothaches are often a result of a lack of good dental hygiene and exams, other medical conditions may also cause toothaches. Consider this information derived from the Mayo Clinic and the National Library of Medicine about the causes of toothaches.
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Abscess
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According to the National Library of Medicine, an abscess in a tooth is a severe infection that can cause toothaches with intense pain. An abscessed tooth that is left untreated can result in spreading of the infection through the gums, mouth and jaw, and can cause aches in other teeth. Tooth loss is a potential complication of an abscess in a tooth.
Decay
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According to the Mayo Clinic, decay of the enamel of the tooth, which is more commonly called cavities or caries, is a common cause of toothaches. Decay is a result of bacteria living on the teeth and secreting acid that erodes the tooth's surface. After time, the erosion can eat away into the part of the tooth with nerve endings, resulting in toothaches.
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Grinding
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According to the National Library of Medicine, grinding of the teeth, which is a condition called bruxism, may be a cause of toothaches. Tooth grinding may be a result of a misaligned bite, jaw disorder or stress, and often occurs at night while sleeping. Long-term grinding of the teeth can cause the teeth to become worn down and can even result in a broken tooth.
Heart Disease
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A toothache that includes pain radiating through the jaw may be a symptom of a heart attack. Pain in a tooth that is accompanied by other symptoms including shortness of breath, fatigue, sweating and chest pain requires urgent medical evaluation. People with these symptoms should seek emergency care at a hospital rather than waiting for a dental visit.
Injuries
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According to the National Library of Medicine, an injury to the face or mouth may be a cause of toothaches. Trauma to the face may also cause a tooth to break or crack, which can result in pain. Injuries and infections of the ears may cause a sensation of pain in the teeth of the upper jaw.
Gum Disease
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According to the National Library of Medicine, periodontitis is a condition in which the gum tissue around the teeth becomes inflamed or diseased. Teeth located in the affected area may ache or become loose. Toothaches caused by diseased gum tissue may be worse while chewing tough foods that require more a lot of chewing to digest.
Sinus Infection
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According to the Mayo Clinic, an infection of the sinuses can cause symptoms including facial pain, swelling and toothaches. Toothaches caused by sinus infections usually occur in the upper teeth, especially the molars at the back of the jaw near the sinuses. Toothaches caused by sinus infections should resolve after the infection goes away or is treated with antibiotics.
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