What Are Dutch Ovens?

A true Dutch oven is a heavy cast iron pot with feet on the bottom and a lipped lid to hold hot coals from the fireplace. The top has a looped handle so it can be removed with a lid lifter while it is hot. They have been used for centuries to cook food over the open hearth. Today, a Dutch oven usually means a wide stock pot with a flat bottom that is used on the stove top.

Origin

No one really knows for sure where the term "Dutch oven" came from. One theory suggests the name originated from Dutch traders selling cast iron pots. Others believe they were named after the Dutch who settled in Pennsylvania. Some believe that the name comes from a method of casting iron that was developed by the Dutch. They were first used in the seventh century.

Cooking

Contrary to popular belief, most cooking on the open hearth was not done using the flames of the fire. Instead, pioneers used the coals that resulted from completely burning wood in the fireplace. Food was cooked in front of the fireplace on the hearth. Charred logs would be crumbled underneath the andirons and scooped out onto the hearth. The Dutch oven, which was raised up on legs, would be placed on top of the hot coals. More coals were piled on top of the lid, creating a miniature convention oven inside the Dutch oven. Women would bake bread, pies, meat and vegetables inside the Dutch oven.

Seasoning

Before using any cast iron cookware, including a Dutch oven, it must be "seasoned." The process creates a seal, almost like a lacquer, that will prevent the iron from rusting and create a nonstick surface. To season a Dutch oven, coat it in a shortening, such as Crisco, and bake at 300 degrees for at least an hour. It is normal for the Dutch oven to smoke during this process.

Cleaning

Never use soap or abrasive scrubbers when cleaning a Dutch oven. Do not shock a hot Dutch oven with cold water or it can warp out of shape. Simply wipe out the inside with lukewarm water and a soft cloth or paper towel. Dry it completely.

Today

Lodge is the largest manufacturer of cast iron Dutch ovens today. Open-hearth cooking demonstrations are conducted at many outdoor living history museums and Civil War encampments. They are also used by outdoor enthusiasts and Boy Scouts when camping.