Effects of Zyrtec Use
Zyrtec (generic name: cetrizine) is an over-the-counter antihistamine used for the prevention or treatment of seasonal and chronic allergy and cold symptoms such as runny nose, watery eyes, sneezing or itching. Zyrtec has also proved to be effective in treating the itching and swelling of hives. It is available as a pill, a chewable tablet and in syrup form. Zyrtec may be purchased or prescribed in combination with the decongestant pseudoephedrine hydrochloride (Zyrtec-D).
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How Allergies Work
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When the body detects a foreign pathogen, or infectious agent, the immune system responds by releasing histamines. This triggers an inflammatory response allowing white blood cells to fight off the pathogen. Allergies and allergic reactions are disorders of the immune system, where histamines are released when the body detects a normally harmless organic substance (like breathing in pollen or mold).
Function of Antihistamines
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An antihistamine, also known as a histamine antagonist, is used to combat the body's excessive release of histamines caused by an allergic reaction. Excessive histamine release causes the allergy symptoms of sneezing, itching, red and itchy eyes and a runny nose. By inhibiting the release and/or the response of the histamines during an allergic reaction, an antihistamine will relieve allergy symptoms.
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Side Effects of Zyrtec and Cetrizine
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For adults, common side effects of taking Zyrtec include dizziness or drowsiness, fatigue and dry mouth. Chewing a stick of gum and sucking on hard candy or bits of ice may alleviate this. Children and younger adults may also experience coughing/wheezing and sore throat, nosebleeds, diarrhea, headache and sleepiness.
Possible Drug Interactions
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Alcohol and sedatives may worsen the side effects of Zyrtec and result in reduced mental alertness and increased sleepiness and fatigue. Because of the possibility of adverse drug interactions, check with your doctor before taking Zyrtec with antidepressants, muscle relaxants, sleeping pills and pain-relieving narcotics such as morphine or hydrocodone.
Warning
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Contact your doctor or pharmacist immediately should any of the following serious side effects occur: a fast, pounding or uneven heartbeat, tremors or uncontrolled shaking, hyperactivity, vision problems or decreased urination. Other serious side effects include hives, difficulty breathing, and swelling of the throat, face, tongue or lips. These effects may indicate an allergic reaction to Zyrtec and require prompt medical attention.
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Resources
- Photo Credit U.S. National Institutes of Health
