Definition of a Private Investigator
Unlike the glamorized images seen on television and in the movies, the work of a private investigator is often tedious and sometimes dangerous, although it can also be exciting. The vast majority of private investigators are men; however, women are also present in the profession. Private investigators can play an important role in both criminal and civil cases. And while computers have made finding information much easier, there is still much to be said for good old-fashioned footwork in getting the job done.
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Nature of the Work
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Private investigators work to discover information. In many cases, the information they seek is information which the surveillance subject would rather keep secret. Many people think of private investigators as tracking the movements of unfaithful spouses or seeking lost loved ones. They do this work, but they also often work with police and local governments, perform pre-employment verification for companies and sometimes work as personal bodyguards.
Education
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According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics 34 percent of all licensed private investigators held at least a bachelor's degree in 2006. .Another 13 percent held a master's degree and three percent held a doctoral degree. Especially in the corporate world, a bachelor's degree is often required. Depending on the specialization of the private investigator, degrees in computer science, law or even accounting could be useful preparation for a career in the field.
Breaking In
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Many private investigators have worked in related jobs, such as with the police force, in security or in a law office. Related experience is definitely an advantage. However, some private investigators enter the field directly after obtaining either an associate's degree or a bachelor's degree, often in criminal justice or police science. The field is quite competitive despite projections of growth in the future. This means that private investigators must stand out in some way if they hope to be successful.
Licensing
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Private investigators are required to hold licenses in most states, with some states having very strict requirements. However, even in states where licensing is not required, it is recommended that potential clients limit their searches to licensed professionals. All 50 states require private investigators who carry handguns to have a separate license, whether or not the state requires licenses for private investigators.
Earnings
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Earnings for private investigators vary widely. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the lowest paid private investigators made less than $20,000 annually in 2006; the highest paid private investigators made more than $60,000 annually. The median salary was around $30,000 annually, with a range between approximately $25,000 to approximately $47,000 annually.
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