What Are the Dangers of a Space Heater?

Space heaters are a convenient way to add heat to a room. However, when compared to central heating, space heaters have a higher incidence of death, fire and injury. According to the National Fire Protection Association, space heaters account for more than one-third of all fires caused by heating equipment.

Types

There are several different types of space heaters. Some rely on an electrical current in order to operate, and others use combustion of propane, kerosene, wood or other fuel. These heaters differ from central heating units in that they are usually portable. Some wood heaters are permanently installed, but they heat only a single room.

Dangers

The portability of many space heaters makes them easy to knock over. This can cause fire or injury. Units that operate on combustion give off carbon monoxide, which can be fatal if the room is not ventilated properly. Open flames can ignite nearby material and clothing. Electrical units can overheat, and if used on an overloaded circuit they can cause fires. All space heaters pose a burn risk to small children, pets and others who may not be aware that they are in use. Great care should be taken to prevent fire and injury when using space heaters.

Statistics

According to the National Fire Protection Association, space heaters account for one-third of all home heating fires. The 2006 statistics reveal space heaters accounted for three-fourths of all deaths associated with home heating equipment. The statistics did not state any differences between portable and stationary units. "Home Fires Involving Heating Equipment," a report by John R. Hall published in January 2009 states that between 2003 and 2006, keeping space heaters too close to combustible materials such as furniture, window treatments and clothing was the main cause of fires related to space heaters (see References).

Staying Safe

When using space heaters, be sure that they are kept at least three feet way from all combustible materials. Read the manufacturer's directions to ensure proper use. Kerosene heaters and other space heaters using combustion should be operated in well-ventilated areas only. Keep space heaters off-limits to pets and children. A physical barrier such as a baby gate is a good idea. Never leave space heaters unattended. All electrical space heaters should have the Underwriters Laboratory seal. Check all electrical cords and switches for damage prior to use.

Expert Insight

According to John R. Hall Jr., in his 2009 report titled "Home Fires Involving Heating Equipment," space heating poses significantly more incidents of fire, death and injury than does central heating. The 2006 statistics cited in his report state that space heating equipment was involved in over 64,000 house fires. It is important to use space heaters with caution. They should only be used as a temporary heat source.