Chronic Knee Problems

Chronic knee problems are common, particularly as we age. About one out of every three Americans over the age of 45 has knee pain, according to the Mayo Clinic. The problems could be the result of degenerative disease, overuse or obesity. Some of these conditions may respond to home treatments such as rest, anti-inflammatory medications and ice, but others may require medical care to provide a diagnosis and treatment.

Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is the wearing down of the cartilage in the knee. As it deteriorates gradually with age, symptoms may include pain (particularly while standing or walking), swelling, creaking or popping, decreased flexibility and stiffness.

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis is an auto-immune disease that may affect many joints as well as your knees. Symptoms may include swelling and pain, decreased range of motion, occasional low-grade fever, and aching and stiffness (particularly in the morning or after activity).

Chondromalacia of the Patella

Chondromalacia of the patella is pain between the kneecap and the femur, and occurs as a result of a misalignment of the patella (kneecap). It occurs in athletes and those who have arthritis of the kneecap. The pain and tenderness is worse after sitting for long periods, standing up from a seated position or going down stairs. A grinding sensation may be felt when the knee is straightened.

Bursitis

Bursitis is the result of inflammation in the bursae, which are the fluid-filled sacs that cushion the knee. Symptoms may include warmth, redness, swelling, aching or stiffness, and pain that worsens when kneeling or using stairs.

Tendinitis

Tendinitis is the inflammation of tendons in the knee. Athletes are prone to this condition, particularly skiers, runners and cyclists. Symptoms include swelling and pain that worsens when running, jumping and climbing stairs; it may not be possible to straighten the knee completely.

Risk Factors for Knee Problems

Obesity causes increased stress on knee joints and elevates the risk of osteoarthritis. Additionally, overuse can cause inflammation that may damage tissues. Abnormalities, such as knees that are not aligned properly, flat feet or legs of different lengths can make a person more susceptible to knee problems. Some sports involve more stress on the knees than others, such as skiing and basketball.

Warnings

After treating the condition with rest, elevation, icing and anti-inflammatory medications for several days to a week, if there is no improvement, contact a doctor. If symptoms include an inability to put weight on the knee, a fever along with pain, swelling and redness, or if any deformity is visible, seek medical assistance as soon as possible.