Sun Damage Effects to the Skin

The sun can exact ravaging effects on the skin. Its cumulative effects can be seen long after the exposure to the sun, even years or decades later. Not only do the ultraviolet rays of the sun penetrate the exterior of the skin, called the epidermis, but it also affects the dermis, which consists of living cells. Once the sun damages the skin, it is difficult to reverse.

Significance

People with light skin generally feel the effects of too much sun more quickly than those with a darker complexion. People overexposed to the sun will begin to feel the negative effects, including signs of aging, as early as age 35. The structural part of the skin begins to lose its elasticity. Once this process has begun, it is virtually impossible to reverse. The loss of elasticity of the skin can be compared to clothing that has been washed many times. The heat used to wash the garment will add to its deterioration over time. Similarly, the sun and its resultant heat will act on the elasticity of the skin if there is repeated exposure.

Effects

It is a mistake to think that a dark tan will prevent further sun damage and its lingering effects. Having a full blown tan is one of the first signs of extensive sun damage. The skin will become leathery, lose its elasticity and show early signs of wrinkling. A deep tan is not the mark of health but an indication of skin damage. Overexposure to the sun can also be fatal if it leads to skin cancer. Early warning signs of skin cancer are moles on your body that have changed recently, by becoming larger, more irregular, or irritated. Consult a dermatologist for a thorough examination to understand the risks of sun exposure.

Features

Another effect of sun damage is freckling of the skin. Many fair skinned and fair haired people are prone to freckling. Freckling is caused by an over-pigmentation of the skin. Overexposure to the sun will actually darken the freckles, and could lead to more permanent damage. Fair skinned and fair haired people need to apply a sunscreen before exposure to the sun. This includes going to the market, driving in your car--before any activities you may have outside, not just simply going to the beach. Applying sunscreen will make a big difference in the skin's appearance years from now.

Types

Sunburn is the most visible sign of the sun's damaging effects. Most sunburns involve the outermost layers of the skin. Typically a sunburn will last for a few days, and resolve itself, with little or no treatment. A soothing lotion may be all that is needed for this type of burn. A mild sunburn can be effectively treated with a lotion containing aloe vera gel. Apply it immediately after too much sun, and as often as possible thereafter. Drink water to rehydrate your skin and your system. No matter how good it sounds, don't quench your thirst with a cold alcoholic beverage, which is a diuretic.

Deeper burns can lead to serious complications such as sun poisoning. Do not delay contacting a physician if you have a severe sunburn.

Considerations

Though the sun can have devastating effects on the skin, it is important not to skip being in the sun altogether. The sun provides nourishment your body needs, and stimulates vitamin D in your body. This will actually improve your mood. Keep in mind a few things before venturing out into the sun. Apply sunscreen to all exposed areas of your skin. Opt for loose fitting, long sleeve white t-shirts. Light colors reflect the sun. Wearing sunglasses will protect your eyes from the sun. Your eyes can be burned, and sunglasses will help to protect them. A wide brimmed hat, baseball cap or visor will offer protection.