Common Foot Problems in Runners
Runners put a lot of pressure on their feet; this, combined with repetitive movement, can lead to foot problems and injuries. Many common foot problems can be avoided by introducing physical activity gradually, wearing properly fitting shoes and stretching before running. When foot problems do occur, it's important for runners to let the injury heal before running again.
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Heel Pain
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Plantar fasciitis occurs when the ligaments or tissues on the bottom of the foot become inflamed or develop tears; it can cause pain in the arch that radiates toward the back of the heel. Heel spurs are calcium deposits on the bones of the foot. Runners may have heel spurs for years without visible symptoms, but when the bones protrude and rub on the muscles and ligaments, it can cause heel pain. Runners can find relief from plantar fasciitis and heel spurs by wearing shoes with arch supports, stretching the heel and taking anti-inflammatory medication.
Achilles Tendonitis
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Achilles tendonitis occurs when the Achilles tendon becomes inflamed. Pain may be felt in the back of the foot or the ankle, and the tendon may feel swollen. The condition is common, and often caused by overuse and lack of stretching. Runners with Achilles tendonitis should limit activity, apply ice to the area, and take ibuprofen for swelling and pain.
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Arch Problems
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High arches and flat feet both cause arch pain in runners. Excessive running and improperly supported arches are the main causes of arch pain. Wearing shoes with arch supports, stretching the arches and replacing running shoes regularly may help prevent arch support problems. Ice packs will help relieve the pain and reduce inflammation.
Stress Fractures
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Stress fractures are common for runners due to high-impact stress on the feet. Stress fractures occur more often in beginning runners. A gradual increase in activity will help prevent stress fractures. Individuals should avoid running until a stress fracture has healed, then slowly integrate activity into their routines.
Athlete's Foot
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Fungus thrives in moist environments, and running shoes, particularly those of individuals who run regularly, may help promote fungal growth. Athlete's foot is a fungal infection that usually starts in the toes and may spread to the rest of the foot. Athlete's foot causes itching, stinging and redness, and may be treated with topical antifungal creams.
Toenail Problems
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Running regularly causes common toenail problems for many individuals. Black toenails are essentially bruised nails. This occurs when the toes are repeatedly pressed and rubbed against the inside of shoes. Runners may also experience thickened and discolored toenails that may indicate a fungal infection.
Sesamoiditis
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Sesamoiditis causes pain under the big toe and in the ball of the foot. The usual cause is irritation and inflammation to the tendons in the area. Pain associated with sesamoiditis usually happens gradually, and the pain increases when trying to raise or lower the toe. Runners should avoid running and ice the area until the symptoms are gone.
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