Eczema Cream Treatments

Eczema is a common condition characterized by patches of dry, red itchy lesions on the skin. When scratched, the itchy area gives way to a rash and, without treatment, leathery skin texture. Sufferers include children and adults, and all parts of the body can be affected. Atopic dermatitis is the most common type of eczema, affecting an estimated 10 to 20 percent of people worldwide, according to the American Academy of Dermatology. Scientists do not fully understand the causes, though they suspect it might be the result of an exaggerated immune response to skin irritants. Although there is no cure for eczema, it is a condition that can often be effectively managed with the use of skin creams.

Antibiotics

It's hard to resist the urge to scratch an itchy eczema patch. As you scratch, the skin becomes damaged, and infectious bacteria can be introduced. Topical antibiotic creams are often prescribed for eczema sufferers to treat infections that develop. For more serious infections, an oral or injectable antibiotic might be recommended.

Barrier-repair Moisturizers

Barrier-repair moisturizers help retain moisture while promoting rebuilding of the damaged skin layer. Many of them contain lipids, which are naturally produced by the body to boost protection of the skin. They should be applied three times daily and used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan. Barrier-repair moisturizing formulas are available over-the-counter and by prescription. Some prescription varieties, however, are expensive, so price may be a consideration for many patients.

Coal Tar

Coal tar is a time-honored treatment for skin inflammations. Topical preparations containing coal tar can be obtained over-the-counter or via prescription. Because these creams sometimes smell unpleasant and can stain, some eczema sufferers avoid them.

Corticosteroids

Corticosteroids provide quick and powerful relief for irritations caused by eczema. Used for decades to treat skin conditions, these creams are available over-the-counter or by prescription, depending upon strength. Physicians tend to prescribe them for short-term use only to avoid side effects such as thinning of the skin and stretch marks. When used in conjunction with other measures, corticosteroids can be an integral part of an overall eczema treatment plan.

Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors (TCIs)

These topical creams are only used short-term for serious cases of eczema that won't respond to other treatments. While TCIs can significantly reduce the inflammation and irritation caused by eczema, the side effects can be potentially serious. Use of these creams can increase sensitivity to sunlight, cause headaches and sometimes exacerbate skin discomfort. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has also issued a warning about a possible link between these medications and certain cancers. These creams are available by prescription only. You should discuss their benefits and risks with your physician.

Treatment Plans for Eczema

Creams are just one useful tool in the management of eczema. With the guidance of a dermatologist or other physician, sufferers can find effective relief. Before recommending a treatment, the physician will consider your health history, the extent of skin irritation, the type of eczema and other relevant information. You may be asked to keep a "diary" to document flare-ups and identify eczema triggers. In addition to topical creams, your treatment plan could also include ways to reduce exposure to potential skin irritants, oral medications and/or injections to reduce inflammation.

Resources

• American Academy of Dermatology Eczema Treatments