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The exact age and origin of the snowshoe is not known, but many historians believe they were invented anywhere from 4,000 to 6,000 years ago and may have originated in Central Europe. The "traditional" webbed snowshoe that we refer to today can be linked back to the Northern First Nations people. Samuel de Champlain, a French explorer in the late 1500s wrote, "Winter, when there is much snow, they (the Indians) make a kind of snowshoe that are two to three times larger than those in France, that they tie to their feet, and thus go on the snow, without sinking into it, otherwise they would not be able to hunt or go from one location to the other."
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Snowshoes are usually composed of light metal or plastic and have latticework to prevent the accumulation of snow. They generally have raised toes to accommodate maneuverability and require bindings to attach them to the feet. In modern snowshoes there are two types of binding, limited rotation and free rotation. Limited rotation does not permit the toes to go below the decking and free rotation does. Trekking poles are common accessories to aid in keeping balance in the snow.
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The snowshoes of today are divided into three separate categories. Aerobic or running snowshoes: These are the smallest and the lightest of snowshoes. They are not recommended for back country use, but are excellent for short light snow excursions. Recreational: The medium sized snowshoe is ideal for those moderate walks (up to five miles). Mountaineering: These are the larger heavy duty snowshoes we think of when referring to snowshoes. They are for the adventurers who are taking long distance trips or hill-climbing.
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There really is only two main types of snowshoes--wooden and aluminum. Snowshoeing enthusiasts typically prefer wooden over their metal counterpart. Wooden is quieter, more authentic and has no chance of freezing in the cold. Metal snowshoes are typically worn by rangers and other professional trades that require them for daily use. The metal snowshoe does not have to be shellacked every year and there are several add-ons that can be incorporated onto the snowshoe.
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Although, walking in snowshoes is not much different than walking in everyday life there are a few things to take under consideration, like turning. To turn in an open space is not that difficult but if one is found restriction by undergrowth or on a slope a different method must be used. Much like skiing a person must plant one foot solidly in place and completely raise the other shoe off the ground. This is a kick turn. The raised foot must be place as close to a 180-degree angle and parallel to the other. This must be done quickly and can cause a strain on hip muscles if done too often.
