About Portrait Photography

Portrait photography has existed since the invention of the camera, and generations of people across the world are interested in preserving their likeness on film. With the current popularity and accessibility of digital photography, portraits have become available to even the most amateur photographer. An understanding of portrait photography is important to capture a suitable photo for a variety of uses.

History

The earliest portrait photography marked a change in the way portraits were viewed and accessed; before the invention of photographic tools, portrait sittings were only available to the very wealthy. With the advent of portrait photography, however, more people could preserve their images on film. Early portraits required careful planning of lighting conditions, and subjects were required to sit still for minutes on end as the photographer exposed his film. The resulting portraits are grainy, black and white photos.

Types

In its modern form, portrait photography is seen as an art form, a business tool and a way to preserve memories for future generations. Types of portrait photography include fine art photos, corporate portraits, theatrical headshots, family portraits and editorial portraiture. Each type uses specific lighting techniques and settings.

Function

Portrait photography is used in a variety of ways across countless industries. Businesses use portraits to show their human side in order to connect with their audiences. Professional performing artists--actors, musicians, and dancers, for example--use portraits as a calling card and a professional representation. Families often view portrait photography as a way to capture a moment in time in order to show future generations.

Misconceptions

A common misconception about portrait photography is that it is an easily accomplished task. In reality, photographing human subjects is often the most difficult task a photographer faces. Whereas inanimate subjects do not move and can be positioned exactly, portraits are dependent on an engaging facial expression, specific lighting of skin tone and eyes, and an appropriate positioning in regard to the background. Subjects for portrait photography are often required to spend hours in a studio or off-site location, posing and waiting for lighting changes.

Expert Insight

The most important aspect of portrait photography is that the subject feel comfortable, attractive, and natural; a comfortable subject will produce better portraits. Many subjects, even those who are expressive and animated, freeze in front of a camera. As you are setting up lighting for a portrait, chat with the subject to loosen them up. Try to get them laughing, or have them tell you about their work or a subject in which they are well-versed.