About Ingrown Toenails
An ingrown toenail--or onchocryptosis, as it is known in the medical community--is a common but painful condition. Ingrown toenails occur when the nail grows into the skin. The nail begins to curl downward and grows into the skin on one or both sides of the nail. Not only is the condition painful, but if left untreated an ingrown toenail can become infected. That causes more pain and discomfort.
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The Facts
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An ingrown toenail is usually caused by cutting the toenails in a rounded shape, which can cause the new nail growth to dig into the skin. Ingrown toenails are often caused by wearing shoes that are too small or tight, which cramp the toes into the forefront of the shoe. A toenail can become ingrown due to trauma to the toe, such as stubbing it against a piece of furniture. People who have conditions such as diabetes or problems with circulation may be more prone to infection if they suffer from an ingrown toenail.
Features
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The first symptom most people notice is the pain that occurs with an ingrown toenail. Redness and swelling may accompany the pain, especially if infection is present. Infection often occurs when an ingrown toenail goes untreated. A pus-like discharge also occurs when infection is present.
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Identification
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Diagnosis is made through a physical examination of the affected toe. If infection is present, an oral or topical antibiotic is prescribed. Pain medication may be prescribed, or the physician will suggest an over-the-counter medication for pain relief. Soaking the foot in Epsom salt twice a day for 10 to 15 minutes can help to relieve the pain and discomfort and promote healing. Dry the area thoroughly and cover it with a clean gauze. It is important to keep the affected area clean and dry. Wear slippers or loose-fitting shoes.
Function
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In some cases, especially when an ingrown toenail tends to recur, surgery may be necessary to remove a portion of the nail or the complete nail. It's a simple procedure that can be performed in the physician's office. An anesthetic is given, and the portion of the nail or the whole nail is removed and cauterized (a chemical solution is often used) to prevent the nail from growing back.
Effects
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People often attempt to treat an ingrown toenail at home. It can be beneficial to soak the affected foot in warm water with Epsom salt and treat it with an antiseptic, but do not attempt to dig the nail out of the skin. Such actions can cause infection or further injury.
Significance
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An ingrown toenail can often be prevented by wearing shoes that fit properly. Be sure to try on shoes when making a purchase to be certain that they are comfortable and allow enough room for the toes. When trimming toenails, clip them straight across rather than on a rounded angle. This will prevent the toenails from growing into the skin.
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